If the file you are reading is in CSV format do not use file(), use fgetcsv(). file() will split the file by each newline that it finds, even newlines that appear within a field (i.e. within quotations).
file
(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)
file — Transfiere un fichero completo a un array
Descripción
Transfiere un fichero completo a un array.
Nota:
Se puede usar file_get_contents() para devolver el contenido de un fichero como una cadena.
Parámetros
-
filename -
Ruta al fichero.
SugerenciaSe puede emplear un URL como nombre de fichero con esta función si las envolturas de fopen han sido activadas. Véase fopen() para más información de cómo especificar el nombre de fichero. Véanse las Protocolos y Envolturas soportados; continen enlaces con información sobre las diferentes capacidades que tienen las envolturas, notas sobre su empleo, e información de cualquier variable predefinida que podría proporcionarse.
-
flags -
El parámetro opcional
flagspuede ser una o más de las siguientes constantes:-
FILE_USE_INCLUDE_PATH - Buscar el fichero en include_path.
-
FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES - Omitir nueva línea al final de cada elemento del array
-
FILE_SKIP_EMPTY_LINES - Saltar las líneas vacías
-
-
context -
Un recurso de contexto válido creado con la función stream_context_create().
Nota: Soporte para context fue añadido en PHP 5.0.0. Para una descripción de
contexts, refiérase a Flujos.
Valores devueltos
Devuelve el fichero a un array. Cada elemento del array se corresponde con una
línea del fichero, con la nueva línea aún adjunta. En caso de fallo,
file() devuelve false.
Nota:
Cada línea del array resultante incuirá el final de línea, a menos que se use
FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES.
Nota: Si sufre problemas con PHP no reconociendo los finales de línea cuando lee o crea ficheros en Macintosh, puede probar de activar la opción de configuración en tiempo de ejecución auto_detect_line_endings para intentar resolver el problema.
Errores/Excepciones
Emite un error de nivel E_WARNING si el fichero
no existe.
Ejemplos
Ejemplo #1 Ejemplo de file()
<?php
// Escribir un fichero en un array. En este ejemplo iremos a través de HTTP para
// obtener el código fuente HTML de un URL.
$líneas = file('http://www.example.com/');
// Recorrer nuestro array, mostrar el código fuente HTML como tal y mostrar tambíen los números de línea.
foreach ($líneas as $num_línea => $línea) {
echo "Línea #<b>{$num_línea}</b> : " . htmlspecialchars($línea) . "<br />\n";
}
// Otro ejemplo: vamos a escribir una página web en una cadena. Véase también file_get_contents().
$html = implode('', file('http://www.example.com/'));
// Utilizar el parámetro opcional flags a partir de PHP 5
$recortes = file('fichero.txt', FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES | FILE_SKIP_EMPTY_LINES);
?>Notas
Advertencia
Cuando se usa SSL,
Microsoft IIS violará el protocolo, cerrando la conexión sin mandar un
indicador close_notify. PHP avisará de esto con este mensaje "SSL:
Fatal Protocol Error", cuando llegue al final de los datos. Una
solución a este problema es bajar el nivel de aviso de errores del sistema para
que no incluya advertencias.
PHP pueden detectar servidores IIS con este problema cuando se
abre un flujo usando https:// y suprime
la advertencia. Si usáis la función fsockopen() para crear un
socket ssl://, tendréis que suprimir la advertencia
explicitamente.
Ver también
- readfile() - Realizar la salida de un fichero
- fopen() - Abre un fichero o un URL
- fsockopen() - Abre una conexión vía sockets a Internet o a un dominio Unix
- popen() - Abre un proceso de un puntero a un fichero
- file_get_contents() - Transmite un fichero completo a una cadena
- include - include
- stream_context_create() - Crear un contexto de flujo
add a note
User Contributed Notes 15 notes
Martin K. ¶
10 years ago
bingo at dingo dot com ¶
11 years ago
To write all the lines of the file in other words to read the file line by line you can write the code like this:
<?php
$names=file('name.txt');
// To check the number of lines
echo count($names).'<br>';
foreach($names as $name)
{
echo $name.'<br>';
}
?>
this example is so basic to understand how it's working. I hope it will help many beginners.
Regards,
Bingo
d basin ¶
15 years ago
this may be obvious, but it took me a while to figure out what I was doing wrong. So I wanted to share. I have a file on my "c:\" drive. How do I file() it?
Don't forget the backslash is special and you have to "escape" the backslash i.e. "\\":
<?php
$lines = file("C:\\Documents and Settings\\myfile.txt");
foreach($lines as $line)
{
echo($line);
}
?>
hope this helps...
twichi at web dot de ¶
13 years ago
read from CSV data (file) into an array with named keys
... with or without 1st row = header (keys)
(see 4th parameter of function call as true / false)
<?php
// --------------------------------------------------------------
function csv_in_array($url,$delm=";",$encl="\"",$head=false) {
$csvxrow = file($url); // ---- csv rows to array ----
$csvxrow[0] = chop($csvxrow[0]);
$csvxrow[0] = str_replace($encl,'',$csvxrow[0]);
$keydata = explode($delm,$csvxrow[0]);
$keynumb = count($keydata);
if ($head === true) {
$anzdata = count($csvxrow);
$z=0;
for($x=1; $x<$anzdata; $x++) {
$csvxrow[$x] = chop($csvxrow[$x]);
$csvxrow[$x] = str_replace($encl,'',$csvxrow[$x]);
$csv_data[$x] = explode($delm,$csvxrow[$x]);
$i=0;
foreach($keydata as $key) {
$out[$z][$key] = $csv_data[$x][$i];
$i++;
}
$z++;
}
}
else {
$i=0;
foreach($csvxrow as $item) {
$item = chop($item);
$item = str_replace($encl,'',$item);
$csv_data = explode($delm,$item);
for ($y=0; $y<$keynumb; $y++) {
$out[$i][$y] = $csv_data[$y];
}
$i++;
}
}
return $out;
}
// --------------------------------------------------------------
?>
fuction call with 4 parameters:
(1) = the file with CSV data (url / string)
(2) = colum delimiter (e.g: ; or | or , ...)
(3) = values enclosed by (e.g: ' or " or ^ or ...)
(4) = with or without 1st row = head (true/false)
<?php
// ----- call ------
$csvdata = csv_in_array( $yourcsvfile, ";", "\"", true );
// -----------------
// ----- view ------
echo "<pre>\r\n";
print_r($csvdata);
echo "</pre>\r\n";
// -----------------
?>
PS: also see: http://php.net/manual/de/function.fgetcsv.php to read CSV data into an array
... and other file-handling methods
^
radler63 at hotmail dot com ¶
6 years ago
My experience is that the function file does uses the cached content if the file has changed....
renanlazarotto at gmail dot com ¶
3 years ago
Be aware that using file() to count lines can cause OOM on the server as it'll allocate all lines into an array.
If you're dealing with files that can have thousands of lines, SplFileObject might be a better idea and with little changes you can get the same result.
sheldon at hyperlinked dot com ¶
5 years ago
As of PHP 5.6 the file(), file_get_contents(), and fopen() functions will return false if you are referencing a source URL that doesn't have a valid SSL certificate. Presumably, you will run into this a lot in your development environments this will drive you crazy.
You will need to create a stream context and provide it as an argument to the various file operations to tell it to ignore invalid SSL credentials.
$args = array("ssl"=>array("verify_peer"=>false,"verify_peer_name"=>false),"http"=>array('timeout' => 60, 'user_agent' => 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.9) Gecko/20071025 Firefox/3.0.0.1'));
$context = stream_context_create($args);
$httpfile = file($url, false, $context);
Reversed: moc dot liamg at senroc dot werdna ¶
17 years ago
This note applies to PHP 5.1.6 under Windows (although may apply to other versions).
It appears that the 'FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES' flag doesn't remove newlines properly when reading Windows-style text files, i.e. files whose lines end in '\r\n'.
Solution: Always use 'rtrim()' in preference to 'FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES'.
Anonymous ¶
10 years ago
("file()'s problem with UTF-16" is wrong. This is updated.
The former may miss the last line of the string.)
file() seems to have a problem in handling
UTF-16 with or without BOM.
file() is likely to think "\n"=LF (0A) as a line-ending.
So, not only "000A" but also "010A, 020A,...,FE0A, FF0A,..."
are regarded as line-endings.
Moreover, file() causes a serious problem in UTF-16LE.
file() loses first "0A" (the first half of "0A00")!
And the next line begins with "00" (the rest of "0A00").
So lines after the first "0A" are totally different.
To avoid this phenomena,
eg. in case (php_script : UTF-8 , file : UTF-16 with line-ending "\r\n"),
<?php
mb_regex_encoding('UTF-16'); // to help mb_ereg_..() work properly
$str = file_get_contents($file_path);
$to_encoding = 'UTF-16'; // encoding of string
$from_encoding = 'UTF-8'; // encoding of PHP_script
$pattern1 = mb_convert_encoding('[^\r]*\r\n', $to_encoding, $from_encoding);
mb_ereg_search_init($str, $pattern1);
while ($res = mb_ereg_search_regs()) {
$file[] = $res[0];
}
$pattern2 = mb_convert_encoding('\A.*\r\n(.*)\z', $to_encoding, $from_encoding);
mb_ereg($pattern2, $str, $match);
$file[] = $match[1];
?>
instead of
$file = file($file_path);
If line-ending is "\n",
$pattern1 = mb_convert_encoding('[^\n]*\n', $to_encoding, $from_encoding);
vbchris at gmail dot com ¶
16 years ago
If you're getting "failed to open stream: Permission denied" when trying to use either file() or fopen() to access files on another server. Check your host doesn't have any firewall restrictions in-place which prevent outbound connections. This is the case with my host Aplus.net
lanresmith ¶
7 years ago
Using if ( file(name.txt) ) might not be enough for testing if the file was successfully opened for reading because the file could be empty in which case the array returned is empty, so test instead with !==. e.g.:
$file_array = file('test.txt'); // an empty file
echo '<pre>';
if ( $file_array ) {
# code...
echo "success\n";
} else {
# code...
echo "failure\n"; // executed
}
if ( $file_array !== false ) {
# code...
echo "success\n"; // executed
} else {
# code...
echo "failure\n";
}
echo '</pre>';
result:
failure
success
justin at visunet dot ie ¶
21 years ago
Note: Now that file() is binary safe it is 'much' slower than it used to be. If you are planning to read large files it may be worth your while using fgets() instead of file() For example:
<?php
$fd = fopen ("log_file.txt", "r");
while (!feof ($fd))
{
$buffer = fgets($fd, 4096);
$lines[] = $buffer;
}
fclose ($fd);
?>
The resulting array is $lines.
I did a test on a 200,000 line file. It took seconds with fgets() compared to minutes with file().
jon+spamcheck at phpsitesolutions dot com ¶
16 years ago
A user suggested using rtrim always, due to the line ending conflict with files that have an EOL that differs from the server EOL.
Using rtrim with it's default character replacement is a bad solution though, as it removes all whitespace in addition to the '\r' and '\n' characters.
A good solution using rtrim follows:
<?php
$line = rtrim($line, "\r\n") . PHP_EOL;
?>
This removes only EOL characters, and replaces with the server's EOL character, thus making preg_* work fine when matching the EOL ($)
marco dot remy at aol dot com ¶
10 years ago
Here's my CSV converter
supports Header and trims all fields
Note: Headers must be not empty!
<?php
function csv2array($file, $delim = ';', $encl = '"', $header = false) {
# File does not exist
if(!file_exists($file))
return false;
# Read lines of file to array
$file_lines = file($file, FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES | FILE_SKIP_EMPTY_LINES);
# Empty file
if($file_lines === array())
return NULL;
# Read headers if you want to
if($header === true) {
$line_header = array_shift($file_lines);
$array_header = array_map('trim', str_getcsv($line_header, $delim, $encl));
}
$out = NULL;
# Now line per line (strings)
foreach ($file_lines as $line) {
# Skip empty lines
if(trim($line) === '')
continue;
# Convert line to array
$array_fields = array_map('trim', str_getcsv($line, $delim, $encl));
# If header present, combine header and fields as key => value
if($header === true)
$out[] = array_combine ($array_header, $array_fields);
else
$out[] = $array_fields;
}
return $out;
}
?>
info at carstanje dot com ¶
17 years ago
Using file() for reading large text files > 10 Mb gives problems, therefore you should use this instead. It is much slower but it works fine. $lines will return an array with all the lines.
<?php
$handle = @fopen('yourfile...', "r");
if ($handle) {
while (!feof($handle)) {
$lines[] = fgets($handle, 4096);
}
fclose($handle);
}
?>
