My preferred way of checking if a constant is set, and if it isn't - setting it (could be used to set defaults in a file, where the user has already had the opportunity to set their own values in another.)
<?php
defined('CONSTANT') or define('CONSTANT', 'SomeDefaultValue');
?>
Dan.
defined
(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)
defined — Vérifie si une constante avec le nom donné existe
Description
Vérifie si une constante avec le nom constant_name existe.
Cette fonction fonctionne également avec les constantes de classe et les types enum.
Note:
Si vous voulez vérifier si une variable existe, utilisez isset() car defined() ne s'applique qu'aux constantes. Si vous voulez voir si une fonction existe, utilisez function_exists().
Liste de paramètres
-
constant_name -
Le nom de la constante.
Valeurs de retour
Retourne true si le nom de la constante fournie par le paramètre
constant_name a été définie, false sinon.
Exemples
Exemple #1 Vérifier la présence de constantes avec defined()
<?php
/* Notez que le nom de la constante est entre guillemets. Cet exemple vérifie
* si la chaîne 'TEST' est le nom de la constante nommée TEST */
if (defined('TEST')) {
echo TEST;
}
interface bar {
const test = 'foobar!';
}
class foo {
const test = 'foobar!';
}
var_dump(defined('bar::test')); // bool(true)
var_dump(defined('foo::test')); // bool(true)
?>Exemple #2 Vérification des types enum (à partir de PHP 8.1.0)
<?php
enum Suit
{
case Hearts;
case Diamonds;
case Clubs;
case Spades;
}
var_dump(defined('Suit::Hearts')); // bool(true)
?>Voir aussi
- define() - Définit une constante
- constant() - Retourne la valeur d'une constante
- get_defined_constants() - Retourne la liste des constantes et leurs valeurs
- function_exists() - Indique si une fonction est définie
- La section sur les constantes
add a note
User Contributed Notes 14 notes
daniel at neville dot tk ¶
16 years ago
ASchmidt at Anamera dot net ¶
7 years ago
// Checking the existence of a class constant, if the class is referenced by a variable.
class Class_A
{
const CONST_A = 'value A';
}
// When class name is known.
if ( defined( 'Class_A::CONST_A' ) )
echo 'Class_A::CONST_A defined';
// Using a class name variable. Note the double quotes.
$class_name = Class_A::class;
if ( defined( "$class_name::CONST_A" ) )
echo '$class_name::CONST_A defined';
// Using an instantiated object for a variable class.
$object_A = new $class_name();
if ( defined( get_class($object_A).'::CONST_A' ) )
echo '$object_A::CONST_A defined';
Lars Lernestal ¶
13 years ago
if you want to check id a class constant is defined use self:: before the constant name:
<?php
defined('self::CONSTANT_NAME');
?>
tris+php at tfconsulting dot com dot au ¶
15 years ago
Before using defined() have a look at the following benchmarks:
true 0.65ms
$true 0.69ms (1)
$config['true'] 0.87ms
TRUE_CONST 1.28ms (2)
true 0.65ms
defined('TRUE_CONST') 2.06ms (3)
defined('UNDEF_CONST') 12.34ms (4)
isset($config['def_key']) 0.91ms (5)
isset($config['undef_key']) 0.79ms
isset($empty_hash[$good_key]) 0.78ms
isset($small_hash[$good_key]) 0.86ms
isset($big_hash[$good_key]) 0.89ms
isset($small_hash[$bad_key]) 0.78ms
isset($big_hash[$bad_key]) 0.80ms
PHP Version 5.2.6, Apache 2.0, Windows XP
Each statement was executed 1000 times and while a 12ms overhead on 1000 calls isn't going to have the end users tearing their hair out, it does throw up some interesting results when comparing to if(true):
1) if($true) was virtually identical
2) if(TRUE_CONST) was almost twice as slow - I guess that the substitution isn't done at compile time (I had to double check this one!)
3) defined() is 3 times slower if the constant exists
4) defined() is 19 TIMES SLOWER if the constant doesn't exist!
5) isset() is remarkably efficient regardless of what you throw at it (great news for anyone implementing array driven event systems - me!)
May want to avoid if(defined('DEBUG'))...
r dot hartung at roberthartung dot de ¶
15 years ago
You can use the late static command "static::" withing defined as well. This example outputs - as expected - "int (2)"
<?php
abstract class class1
{
public function getConst()
{
return defined('static::SOME_CONST') ? static::SOME_CONST : false;
}
}
final class class2 extends class1
{
const SOME_CONST = 2;
}
$class2 = new class2;
var_dump($class2->getConst());
?>
louis at louisworks dot de ¶
6 years ago
Dont forget to put the name of your constant into single quotation mark. You will not get an error or a warning.
<?php
define("AMOUNT_OF_APPLES", 12);
if(defined(AMOUNT_OF_APPLES)){
//you won't get an output here
echo AMOUNT_OF_APPLES;
}
?>
so do instead
<?php
define("AMOUNT_OF_APPLES", 12);
if(defined("AMOUNT_OF_APPLES")){
//here you go
echo AMOUNT_OF_APPLES;
}
//output: 12
?>
It took me half an day to see it...
Shaun H ¶
16 years ago
I saw that PHP doesn't have an enum function so I created my own. It's not necessary, but can come in handy from time to time.
<?php
function enum()
{
$args = func_get_args();
foreach($args as $key=>$arg)
{
if(defined($arg))
{
die('Redefinition of defined constant ' . $arg);
}
define($arg, $key);
}
}
enum('ONE','TWO','THREE');
echo ONE, ' ', TWO, ' ', THREE;
?>
passerbyxp at gmail dot com ¶
12 years ago
This function, along with constant(), is namespace sensitive. And it might help if you imagine them always running under the "root namespace":
<?php
namespace FOO\BAR
{
const WMP="wmp";
function test()
{
if(defined("WMP")) echo "direct: ".constant("WMP"); //doesn't work;
elseif(defined("FOO\\BAR\\WMP")) echo "namespace: ".constant("FOO\\BAR\\WMP"); //works
echo WMP; //works
}
}
namespace
{
\FOO\BAR\test();
}
info at daniel-marschall dot de ¶
15 years ago
I found something out: defined() becomes probably false if a reference gets lost.
<?php
session_start(); // $_SESSION created
define('SESSION_BACKUP', $_SESSION);
if (defined('SESSION_BACKUP')) echo 'A';
session_unset(); // $_SESSION destroyed
if (defined('SESSION_BACKUP')) echo 'B';
?>
You will see "A", but not "B".
ndove at cox dot net ¶
19 years ago
In PHP5, you can actually use defined() to see if an object constant has been defined, like so:
<?php
class Generic
{
const WhatAmI = 'Generic';
}
if (defined('Generic::WhatAmI'))
{
echo Generic::WhatAmI;
}
?>
Thought it may be useful to note.
-Nick
vindozo at gmail dot com ¶
14 years ago
If you wish to protect files from direct access I normally use this:
index.php:
<?php
// Main stuff here
define('START',microtime());
include "x.php";
?>
x.php:
<?php
defined('START')||(header("HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden")&die('403.14 - Directory listing denied.'));
?>
Anonymous ¶
7 years ago
Be careful with boolean defines and assuming a check is done for a specific value by defined such as
<?php
define('DEBUG', false);
if(defined('DEBUG')){
echo 'Not really debugging mode';
}
?>
You want to also check the constant as in
<?php
define('DEBUG', true);
if(defined('DEBUG') && DEBUG){
echo 'Really this is debugging mode';
}
?>
All defined is doing is verifying the constant exists not it's value.
reachmike at hotpop dot com ¶
16 years ago
You may find that if you use <?= ?> to dump your constants, and they are not defined, depending on your error reporting level, you may not display an error and, instead, just show the name of the constant. For example:
<?= TEST ?>
...may say TEST instead of an empty string like you might expect. The fix is a function like this:
<?php
function C(&$constant) {
$nPrev1 = error_reporting(E_ALL);
$sPrev2 = ini_set('display_errors', '0');
$sTest = defined($constant) ? 'defined' : 'not defined';
$oTest = (object) error_get_last();
error_reporting($nPrev1);
ini_set('display_errors', $sPrev2);
if ($oTest->message) {
return '';
} else {
return $constant;
}
}
?>
And so now you can do:
<?= C(TEST) ?>
If TEST was assigned with define(), then you'll receive the value. If not, then you'll receive an empty string.
Please post if you can do this in fewer lines of code or do something more optimal than toggling the error handler.
ohcc at 163 dot com ¶
4 years ago
If a constant's name has a leading backslash (\), it's not possible to detect its existence using the defined() function, or to get its value using the constant() function.
You can check its existence and get its value using the get_defined_constants() function, or prepend 2 more backslashes (\\) to the constant's name.
<?php
define('\DOMAIN', 'wuxiancheng.cn');
$isDefined = defined('\DOMAIN'); // false
$domain = constant('\DOMAIN'); // NULL, in Php 8+ you'll get a Fatal error.
var_dump($isDefined, $domain);
?>
<?php
define('\DOMAIN', 'wuxiancheng.cn');
$constants = get_defined_constants();
$isDefined = isSet($constants['\DOMAIN']);
$domain = $isDefined ? $constants['\DOMAIN'] : NULL;
var_dump($isDefined, $domain);
?>
<?php
define('\DOMAIN', 'wuxiancheng.cn');
$isDefined = defined('\\\DOMAIN');
$domain = constant('\\\DOMAIN');
var_dump($isDefined, $domain);
?>
