odbc_columns

(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

odbc_columns — Liste les colonnes d'une table

Description

odbc_columns(
    resource $odbc,
    ?string $catalog = null,
    ?string $schema = null,
    ?string $table = null,
    ?string $column = null
): resource|false

Liste les colonnes d'une table.

Liste de paramètres

odbc: L'identifiant de connexion ODBC, voir la documentation de la fonction odbc_connect() pour plus de détails.
catalog: Le catalogue ('calificatif' dans le jargon ODBC 2).
schema: Le schéma ('propriétaire' dans le jargon ODBC 2). Ce paramètre accepte les masques de recherche suivants : % pour chercher zéro ou plusieurs caractères, et _ pour chercher un seul caractère.
table: Le nom de la table. Ce paramètre accepte les masques de recherche suivants : % pour chercher zéro ou plusieurs caractères, et _ pour chercher un seul caractère.
column: Le nom de la colonne. Ce paramètre accepte les masques de recherche suivants : % pour chercher zéro ou plusieurs caractères, et _ pour chercher un seul caractère.

Valeurs de retour

Retourne un identifiant de résultat ODBC ou false si une erreur survient.

Le jeu de résultat contient les colonnes suivantes :

TABLE_CAT
TABLE_SCHEM
TABLE_NAME
COLUMN_NAME
DATA_TYPE
TYPE_NAME
COLUMN_SIZE
BUFFER_LENGTH
DECIMAL_DIGITS
NUM_PREC_RADIX
NULLABLE
REMARKS
COLUMN_DEF
SQL_DATA_TYPE
SQL_DATETIME_SUB
CHAR_OCTET_LENGTH
ORDINAL_POSITION
IS_NULLABLE

Les pilotes peuvent signaler des colonnes supplémentaires.

Le jeu de résultat est ordonné par TABLE_CAT, TABLE_SCHEM, TABLE_NAME et ORDINAL_POSITION.

Historique

Version	Description
8.0.0	`schema`, `table` and `column` are now nullable.

Exemples

Exemple #1 Lister les Colonnes d'une Table

<?php
$conn = odbc_connect($dsn, $user, $pass);
$columns = odbc_columns($conn, 'TutorialDB', 'dbo', 'test', '%');
while (($row = odbc_fetch_array($columns))) {
    print_r($row);
    break; // further rows omitted for brevity
}
?>

Résultat de l'exemple ci-dessus est similaire à :

Array
(
    [TABLE_CAT] => TutorialDB
    [TABLE_SCHEM] => dbo
    [TABLE_NAME] => TEST
    [COLUMN_NAME] => id
    [DATA_TYPE] => 4
    [TYPE_NAME] => int
    [COLUMN_SIZE] => 10
    [BUFFER_LENGTH] => 4
    [DECIMAL_DIGITS] => 0
    [NUM_PREC_RADIX] => 10
    [NULLABLE] => 0
    [REMARKS] =>
    [COLUMN_DEF] =>
    [SQL_DATA_TYPE] => 4
    [SQL_DATETIME_SUB] =>
    [CHAR_OCTET_LENGTH] =>
    [ORDINAL_POSITION] => 1
    [IS_NULLABLE] => NO
)

Voir aussi

odbc_columnprivileges() - Liste les colonnes et leurs droits associés
odbc_procedurecolumns() - Liste les paramètres des procédures

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User Contributed Notes 13 notes

down

Thomas ¶

15 years ago


[MS SQL Server 2005/2008, PHP 5]

Imagine you would need to access the column names of a specific table, for instance to display them as table headers for fields with missing information. While browsing the documentation I was kind of lost how to use odbc_columns() without the usage of odbc_result_all() which outputs EVERYTHING in a single HTML table.

Here is a way to stuff all output into an array and then access only one or more fields of the odbc_columns() output:

<?php
include('connect.inc'); // <== Put all your database connection parameters in here. (DSN, PWD, USR, mssql_connect, etc.; returns $connection)

$outval = odbc_columns($connection, "your DB name", "%", "your table name", "%");

$pages = array();
while (odbc_fetch_into($outval, $pages)) {
        echo $pages[3] . "<br />\n"; // presents all fields of the array $pages in a new line until the array pointer reaches the end of array data
    }
?>

Now your array $pages will have the following contents:
([x] is the array index displayed here for better understanding)

[0] TABLE_CAT <== your DB name
[1] TABLE_SCHEM <== dbo, your table scheme
[2] TABLE_NAME <== your table name
[3] COLUMN_NAME <== your column names (selected all with "%" in odbc_columns() )
[4] DATA_TYPE <== -8
[5] TYPE_NAME <== nchar (corresponds to -8, 11 f.i. is datetime and so on)
[6] COLUMN_SIZE <== num. val.
[7] BUFFER_LENGTH <== num. val.
[8] DECIMAL_DIGITS <== num. val. or NULL
[9] NUM_PREC_RADIX <== num. val. or NULL
[10] NULLABLE <== num. val.
[11] REMARKS <== num. val. or NULL
[12] COLUMN_DEF <== num. val. or NULL
[13] SQL_DATA_TYPE <== num. val.
[14] SQL_DATETIME_SUB <== num. val. or NULL
[15] CHAR_OCTET_LENGTH <== num. val. or NULL
[16] ORDINAL_POSITION <== num. val.
[17] IS_NULLABLE <== YES/NO
[18] SS_DATA_TYPE <== num. val.

Now you can access each field recursivly by its key and output only the DESIRED fields instead of having ALL output from odbc_result_all().
Please note that the array key starts at zero (0) instead of one (1), so echo $pages[3] selects COLUMN_NAME from the above list.

I hope this helps...

Cheers
Thomas

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ke3wh at comcast dot net ¶

19 years ago


The complete script to get into from a DSN MS Access DB Table and display it is below.

function Error_Handler( $msg, $cnx ) {
    echo "$msg \n";
    odbc_close( $cnx);
    exit();
    }

$cnx = odbc_connect( 'DSN_NAME' , '', '' );//connect to MSAccess
    if (!$cnx) {
      Error_handler( "Error in odbc_connect" , $cnx );
    }  

    $res400= odbc_columns($cnx,"DSN_NAME","","TABLE");
    echo odbc_result_all($res400);

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php dot lpatrick at spamgourmet dot com ¶

16 years ago


Since I was just looking for table descriptions of an MS Access file I didn't know the table structure of, I wrote this (where $inputfile is the Access file name):

<?php
$conn = odbc_connect("DRIVER={Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)}; DBQ=".$inputfile;, "", "");

$tabs = odbc_tables($conn);
$tables = array();
while (odbc_fetch_row($tabs)){
    if (odbc_result($tabs,"TABLE_TYPE")=="TABLE") {
        $table_name = odbc_result($tabs,"TABLE_NAME");
        $tables["{$table_name}"] = array();
        $cols = odbc_exec($conn,'select * from `'.$table_name.'` where 1=2');  // we don't want content
      $ncols = odbc_num_fields($cols);
        for ($n=1; $n<=$ncols; $n++) {
            $field_name = odbc_field_name($cols, $n);
            $tables["{$table_name}"]["{$field_name}"]['len'] = odbc_field_len($cols, $n);
            $tables["{$table_name}"]["{$field_name}"]['type'] = odbc_field_type($cols, $n);
        }
    }
}
odbc_close ($conn);
print_r($tables);
?>

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eion at robbmob dot com ¶

12 years ago


Sometimes the array keys of the results of odbc_columns() can be in lower case, instead of upper case (eg 'column_name' instead of 'COLUMN_NAME').  This can vary depending on which ODBC driver you are connecting to.

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jeremie dot legrand at komori-chambon dot fr ¶

16 years ago


Here is the way to use odbc_columns() with "Attunity Connect", an ODBC connector to VMS :

$db = "my_database";
$table = "my_table";
$con = odbc_connect($db, "user", "password");
$result = odbc_columns($con, $db, "", $table, "%");
while (odbc_fetch_row($resu)) {
    echo odbc_result_all($resu);
}

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LyleE at LocalMotion dot com ¶

23 years ago


Took me a while to figure out this command, thought I would save some other people the time.  We couldn't quite figure out what the qualifier was.  For MSSQL 7.0, it is the Database that you are connecing to.  For the pubs database it would look something like this.



$rs = odbc_columns($DBConnection, "Pubs", "%", "jobs");



That would be for showing the jobs table.

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tom at jargonsoft dot com ¶

5 years ago


The docs on this page are among the worst in php. I know docs are traditionally terrible for open source code, but this is NOT acceptable:
Qualifer: the qualifer. REALLY??
How about: ComplexFieldWithManyRules: the ComplexFieldWithManyRules. 
Give me a break.
How about actually defining the meaning and how to use it?
Along with several EXAMPLES!!
You are giving software developers a bad name with junk like this.

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Artur ¶

17 years ago


This is the only way I could actually get field names using odbc_columns. Hope it will be usefull for someone.

$result = odbc_columns($odbc,$dbhost,"dbo", "KIR_ViolationDetail");

while (odbc_fetch_row($result))
{
  echo odbc_result($result,"COLUMN_NAME");
}

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laundro at gmail dot com ¶

20 years ago


Getting all column names from Excel with ODBC:
$cols = odbc_columns($connection, $filename, NULL, $sheet);

where:
$connection is the result of your odbc_connect;
$filename is the filename of the Excel file;
$sheet is the name of the Excel worksheet.

This is useful when you want to query an Excel file without having to name ranges beforehand. With the results obtained from the above command, you can populate an array and use its contents (ie the column names) for further querying.

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netaminas at hotamil dot com ¶

20 years ago


Connect with IBM Client Access 32-bit ODBC driver

To access table information in DB2 iSeries (AS/400) via ODBC Driver i've tried with this code and worked!!!

$conn_ODBC = odbc_connect("DSN", "USER", "PASSW") or die;
$tabela = "table name in IBM iSeries";
$libname = "library name in IBM iSeries"

$res400 = odbc_columns($conn_ODBC, "DSN", $libname, $tabela, "%")  or die("<p><font color=#FF0000>Erro Na Leitura da Tabela ".$tabela." do AS/400: ".odbc_errormsg());

echo odbc_result_all($res400);

Netaminas.com
PORTUGAL

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Anonymous ¶

21 years ago


ODBC & MS ACCESS :

odbc_columns($conn,"DSN_NAME","","TABLE_NAME");

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Sergio Sartori ¶

21 years ago


Using this function on a MS SQL Server 2000 database connection with the syntax:

$res = odbc_columns($connId, $dbName, "%", $tableName, "%");

I actually get a result set with THESE columns name:

TABLE_CAT, TABLE_SCHEM, TABLE_NAME, COLUMN_NAME, DATA_TYPE, TYPE_NAME, COLUMN_SIZE, BUFFER_LENGTH, DECIMAL_DIGITS, NUM_PREC_RADIX, NULLABLE, REMARKS

in the order displayed.

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josh at engledental dot com ¶

22 years ago


(PHP4.2.1, Win2k, MSSQL 2K)

The result id returned from this function does not appear to behave exactly the same as a result id returned from a query.  

I get all sorts of errors when I try to use subsequent odbc functions on the result id, such as:

odbc_fetch_into - This function only seems to work if I don't specify a row number or if the row number = 0.

odbc_fetch_row - This function will not return a row from the result set.  Under some scenarios, I am able to use it in a while loop, but its seems buggy.  Hence, my odbc_num_of_rows function (hack to replace the non-functional odbc_num_rows function) also doesn't work.

I recommend dumping the results into an array immediately and freeing the result id created by this function.

ps - If anyone has any further insight or workarounds, I would appreciate them.

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