To convert IDN Domains with the IDNA2008 definition use following command.
idn_to_ascii('teßt.com',IDNA_NONTRANSITIONAL_TO_ASCII,INTL_IDNA_VARIANT_UTS46)
The result is then as expected
xn--tet-6ka.com
idn_to_ascii
(PHP 5 >= 5.3.0, PHP 7, PHP 8, PECL intl >= 1.0.2, PECL idn >= 0.1)
idn_to_ascii — Converte nome de domínio para a forma ASCII IDNA
Descrição
Estilo procedural
idn_to_ascii(
string
int
int
array
): string|false
string
$domain,int
$flags = IDNA_DEFAULT,int
$variant = INTL_IDNA_VARIANT_UTS46,array
&$idna_info = null): string|false
Esta função converte um nome de domínio Unicode para um formato compatível com ASCII IDNA.
Parâmetros
-
domain -
O domínio a converter, que precisa ser codificado em UTF-8.
-
flags -
Opções de conversão - combinação de constantes IDNA_* (exceto cosntantes IDNA_ERROR_*).
-
variant -
Pode ser
INTL_IDNA_VARIANT_2003(defasado a partir do PHP 7.2.0) para IDNA 2003 ouINTL_IDNA_VARIANT_UTS46(disponível apenas a partir da ICU 4.6) para UTS #46. -
idna_info -
Este parâmetro pode ser usado somente se
INTL_IDNA_VARIANT_UTS46foi usado no parâmetrovariant. Neste caso, será preenchido com um array com as chaves'result', o possível resultado ilegal da transformação,'isTransitionalDifferent', um booleano indicando se o uso de mecanismos transicionais da UTS #46 mudou ou teria mudado o resultado e'errors', que é um int representando um conjunto de bits das contantes de erro IDNA_ERROR_*.
Valor Retornado
O nome de domínio codificado em forma compatível com ASCII-compatible, ou false em caso de falha
Registro de Alterações
| Versão | Descrição |
|---|---|
| 7.4.0 |
O valor padrão de variant agora é
INTL_IDNA_VARIANT_UTS46 ao invés do defasado
INTL_IDNA_VARIANT_2003.
|
| 7.2.0 |
INTL_IDNA_VARIANT_2003 se tornou defasado; use
INTL_IDNA_VARIANT_UTS46 em seu lugar.
|
Exemplos
Exemplo #1 Exemplo de idn_to_ascii()
<?php
echo idn_to_ascii('täst.de');
?>O exemplo acima produzirá:
xn--tst-qla.de
add a note
User Contributed Notes 4 notes
mschrieck at gmail dot com ¶
7 years ago
edible dot email at gmail dot com ¶
12 years ago
The notes on this function are not very clear and a little misleading.
Firstly, <=5.3, you will need to make use of one of several scripts or classes available on the internet which might, or might not, require the installation of of the intl and idn PECL extensions ...and you will need to have !<4.0 in order to be able to install both.
Secondly, if you have >=5.4 you will not require the PECL extensions.
Third, use of utf8_encode() is not necessary. In fact, it will potentially prevent idn_to_ascii() from working at all.
On my setup it was necessary to change the charset in the script meta tags to UTF-8:
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
...and to change charset_default in the php.ini file (/usr/local/lib/php.ini, whereis php.ini, find / -name php.ini):
default_charset = "UTF-8"
The above changes mean that idn_to_ascii() can now be used with that syntax (no need for utf8_encode()). Previously, the function worked to convert some IDNs, but failed to convert Japanese and Cyrillic IDNs. Further, no additional locales were enabled or added, and Apache's charset file was left unmodified.
It is also important to remember only to apply the function where required, eg:
idn_to_ascii(cåsino.com) // is wrong
...whereas...
iden_to_ascii(cåsino) // is right
...and also be aware of text editors that don't support UTF-8 encoding, or the $domain = 'cåsino' value will end up as $domain = '??????' ...and the function will fail.
I have found that Notepad++ easily and reliably handles UTF-8 encoding that works for this function using UTF-8 as the encoding option, not UTF-8 without BOM.
alexchexes at gmail dot com ¶
1 year ago
idn_to_ascii and idn_to_utf8 functions don't properly handle full URLs (i.e. with schema and paths), so here's the helper functions which handles all URLs, including ones with path but without a scheme
<?php
/**
* Converts URLS to punycode
* It doesn't url-encodes other parts
* The initial code from snipp dor ru website, here is modified version that handles urls without scheme
*/
function punycode_encode($url)
{
$no_scheme = false;
if (!preg_match('/^.+?:\/\//', $url) && substr($url, 0, 2) !== '//') {
$url = '//' . $url;
$no_scheme = true;
}
$parts = parse_url($url);
$out = '';
if (!empty($parts['scheme'])) $out .= $parts['scheme'] . ':';
if (!empty($parts['host'])) $out .= '//';
if (!empty($parts['user'])) $out .= $parts['user'];
if (!empty($parts['pass'])) $out .= ':' . $parts['pass'];
if (!empty($parts['user'])) $out .= '@';
if (!empty($parts['host'])) $out .= idn_to_ascii($parts['host']);
if (!empty($parts['port'])) $out .= ':' . $parts['port'];
if (!empty($parts['path'])) $out .= $parts['path'];
if (!empty($parts['query'])) $out .= '?' . $parts['query'];
if (!empty($parts['fragment'])) $out .= '#' . $parts['fragment'];
if ($no_scheme) {
$out = substr($out, 2);
}
return $out;
}
function punycode_decode($url)
{
$no_scheme = false;
if (!preg_match('/^.+?:\/\//', $url) && substr($url, 0, 2) !== '//') {
$url = '//' . $url;
$no_scheme = true;
}
$parts = parse_url($url);
$out = '';
if (!empty($parts['scheme'])) $out .= $parts['scheme'] . ':';
if (!empty($parts['host'])) $out .= '//';
if (!empty($parts['user'])) $out .= $parts['user'];
if (!empty($parts['pass'])) $out .= ':' . $parts['pass'];
if (!empty($parts['user'])) $out .= '@';
if (!empty($parts['host'])) $out .= idn_to_utf8($parts['host']);
if (!empty($parts['port'])) $out .= ':' . $parts['port'];
if (!empty($parts['path'])) $out .= $parts['path'];
if (!empty($parts['query'])) $out .= '?' . $parts['query'];
if (!empty($parts['fragment'])) $out .= '#' . $parts['fragment'];
if ($no_scheme) {
$out = substr($out, 2);
}
return $out;
}
mpf at mk dot de ¶
1 year ago
The documentation ist not clear what failure in the return section means. This should be substituted to something like this:
"Returns failure if the given string could not be converted".
