mt_rand

(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7)

mt_randGenerate a random value via the Mersenne Twister Random Number Generator

Descrierea

mt_rand ( ) : int
mt_rand ( int $min , int $max ) : int
Precauţie

Această funcție nu generează valori securizate din punct de vedere criptografic și deci nu trebuie utilizată pentru scopuri criptografice. Dacă aveți nevoie de o valoare securizată din punct de vedere criptografic considerați utilizarea random_int(), random_bytes() sau openssl_random_pseudo_bytes() în schimb.

Many random number generators of older libcs have dubious or unknown characteristics and are slow. The mt_rand() function is a drop-in replacement for the older rand(). It uses a random number generator with known characteristics using the » Mersenne Twister, which will produce random numbers four times faster than what the average libc rand() provides.

If called without the optional min, max arguments mt_rand() returns a pseudo-random value between 0 and mt_getrandmax(). If you want a random number between 5 and 15 (inclusive), for example, use mt_rand(5, 15).

Parametri

min

Optional lowest value to be returned (default: 0)

max

Optional highest value to be returned (default: mt_getrandmax())

Valorile întoarse

A random integer value between min (or 0) and max (or mt_getrandmax(), inclusive), or false if max is less than min.

Istoricul schimbărilor

Versiune Descriere
7.2.0 mt_rand() has received a bug fix for a modulo bias bug. This means that sequences generated with a specific seed may differ from PHP 7.1 on 64-bit machines.
7.1.0 rand() has been made an alias of mt_rand().
7.1.0 mt_rand() has been updated to use the fixed, correct, version of the Mersenne Twister algorithm. To fall back to the old behaviour, use mt_srand() with MT_RAND_PHP as the second parameter.

Exemple

Example #1 mt_rand() example

<?php
echo mt_rand() . "\n";
echo 
mt_rand() . "\n";

echo 
mt_rand(515);
?>

Exemplul de mai sus va afișa ceva similar cu:

1604716014
1478613278
6

Note

Avertizare

min max range must be within the range mt_getrandmax(). i.e. (max - min) <= mt_getrandmax() Otherwise, mt_rand() may return poorer random numbers than it should.

A se vedea și

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User Contributed Notes 3 notes

up
13
Pawe Krawczyk
11 years ago
To reiterate the message about *not* using mt_rand() for anything security related, here's a new tool that has been just posted that recovers the seed value given a single mt_rand() output:

http://www.openwall.com/php_mt_seed/README
up
7
greald at ghvernuft dot nl
1 year ago
To see some systematic deviations from a universal distribution run:

<?php
$alfabet
= str_split('ADHKLMNPSTUWX');
$countalfabet = count($alfabet)-1;
$code = array_fill_keys($alfabet, 0);
for (
$L=0; $L<80*$countalfabet; $L++)
{
 
$lettr = floor(mt_rand ( 0, $countalfabet ));
 
$code[$alfabet[$lettr]]++;
}

foreach(
$code as $L => $Freq)
{
  for(
$F=0; $F<$Freq; $F++)
  {
    echo
$L;
  }
  echo
"\n<br/>";
}
?>
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