fgetc

(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

fgetcPrende un carattere da un puntatore a file

Descrizione

fgetc(resource $handle): string

Restituisce una stringa contenente un singolo carattere letto dal file puntato da handle. Restituisce false alla fine del file (EOF).

Il puntatore al file deve essere valido, e deve puntare ad un file aperto con successo da fopen() o fsockopen() (e non ancora chiuso da fclose()).

Avviso

Questa funzione può restituire il Booleano false, ma può anche restituire un valore non-Booleano valutato come false. Fare riferimento alla sezione Booleans per maggiori informazioni. Usare l'operatore === per controllare il valore restituito da questa funzione.

Example #1 Un esempio per fgetc()

<?php
$fp
= fopen('somefile.txt', 'r');
if (!
$fp) {
echo
'Non si riesce ad aprire il file somefile.txt';
}
while (
false !== ($char = fgetc($fp))) {
echo
"$char\n";
}
?>

Nota: Questa funzione è binary-safe (gestisce correttamente i file binari)

Vedere anche fread(), fopen(), popen(), fsockopen() e fgets().

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User Contributed Notes 5 notes

up
11
alex at alexdemers dot me
15 years ago
The best and simplest way to get input from a user in the CLI with only PHP is to use fgetc() function with the STDIN constant:

<?php

echo 'Are you sure you want to quit? (y/n) ';
$input = fgetc(STDIN);

if (
$input == 'y')
{
    exit(
0);
}

?>
up
3
seraclimov at yandex dot ru
6 years ago
You can't just simple print separated characters of a text which is encoded in multibyte character set like this;
Because fgetc() will break each multibyte character on its every byte. Consider this example:

<?php
$path
= 'foo/cyrillic.txt';
$handle = fopen($path, 'rb');
while (
FALSE !== ($ch = fgetc($handle))) {
   
$curs = ftell($hanlde);
    print
"[$curs:] $ch\n";
}
/* The result will be something like this:
<
[1]: <
[2]: h
[3]: 2
[4]: >
[5]: �
[6]: �
[7]: �
[8]: �
[9]: �
[10]: �
[11]: 
[12]: �
[13]: �
[14]: �
[15]: �
[16]: �
*/
?>

I don't think this is the best, but it can be a workaround:
<?php
$path
= 'path/to/your/file.ext';

if (!
$handle = fopen($path, 'rb')) {
    echo
"Can't open ($path) file';
    exit;
}

$mbch = '';    // keeps the first byte of 2-byte cyrillic letters
while (FALSE !== (
$ch = fgetc($handle))) {       
    //check for the sign of 2-byte cyrillic letters   
    if (empty(
$mbch) && (FALSE !== array_search(ord($ch), Array(208,209,129)))) {
       
$mbch = $ch;    // keep the first byte
        continue;
    }
   
$curs = ftell($handle);
    print "
[$curs]: " . $mbch . $ch . PHP_EOL;
    // or print "
[$curs]: $mbch$ch\n";
    if (!empty(
$mbch)) $mbch = '';    // erase the byte after using
}
?>
up
7
ktraas at gmail dot com (Kevin Traas)
15 years ago
I was using command-line PHP to create an interactive script and wanted the user to enter just one character of input - in response a Yes/No question.  Had some trouble finding a way to do so using fgets(), fgetc(), various suggestions using readline(), popen(), etc.  Came up with the following that works quite nicely:

$ans = strtolower( trim( `bash -c "read -n 1 -t 10 ANS ; echo \\\$ANS"` ) );
up
4
sfinktah at php dot spamtrak dot org
13 years ago
To read a single key-press in CLI mode, you can either use ncurses (which will probably require additional modules for PHP) or get nasty with the *nix "/bin/stty" command)

<?php
  
function stty($options) {
     
exec($cmd = "/bin/stty $options", $output, $el);
     
$el AND die("exec($cmd) failed");
      return
implode(" ", $output);
   }

   function
getchar($echo = false) {
     
$echo = $echo ? "" : "-echo";

     
# Get original settings
     
$stty_settings = preg_replace("#.*; ?#s", "", stty("--all"));

     
# Set new ones
     
stty("cbreak $echo");

     
# Get characters until a PERIOD is typed, 
      # showing their hexidecimal ordinal values.
     
printf("> ");
      do {
        
printf("%02x ", ord($c = fgetc(STDIN)));
      } while (
$c != '.');

     
# Return settings
     
stty($stty_settings);
   }

  
getchar();
?>
up
0
Anonymous
7 years ago
If you call fgetc(HANDLE) multiple times you must clear buffer before, thus get all unwanted chars to the new new line character.

while (true) {

    //clear buffer - read all unwanted characters
    while(fgetc(STDIN) != "\n");
   
    //get first character from STDIN
    $first = fgetc(STDIN);
}
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