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mb_convert_case

(PHP 4 >= 4.3.0, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

mb_convert_case — 文字列に対してケースフォールディングを行う

説明

mb_convert_case(string $string, int $mode, ?string $encoding = null): string

mode で指定された方法で string に対してケースフォールディングを行います。

パラメータ

string: 変換される文字列。
mode: 変換モード。以下のうちいずれかひとつです。 MB_CASE_UPPER, MB_CASE_LOWER, MB_CASE_TITLE, MB_CASE_FOLD, MB_CASE_UPPER_SIMPLE, MB_CASE_LOWER_SIMPLE, MB_CASE_TITLE_SIMPLE, MB_CASE_FOLD_SIMPLE
encoding: encoding パラメータには文字エンコーディングを指定します。省略した場合、もしくは null の場合は、内部文字エンコーディングを使用します。

戻り値

mode で指定された方法で string に対してケースフォールディングを行った結果を返します。

変更履歴

バージョン	説明
7.3.0	`mode` に `MB_CASE_FOLD`, `MB_CASE_UPPER_SIMPLE`, `MB_CASE_LOWER_SIMPLE`, `MB_CASE_TITLE_SIMPLE`, `MB_CASE_FOLD_SIMPLE` のサポートが追加されました。

例

例1 mb_convert_case() の例

<?php
$str = "mary had a Little lamb and she loved it so";
$str = mb_convert_case($str, MB_CASE_UPPER, "UTF-8");
echo $str; // Prints MARY HAD A LITTLE LAMB AND SHE LOVED IT SO
$str = mb_convert_case($str, MB_CASE_TITLE, "UTF-8");
echo $str; // Prints Mary Had A Little Lamb And She Loved It So
?>

例2 非ラテン UTF-8 テキストでの mb_convert_case() の例

<?php
$str = "Τάχιστη αλώπηξ βαφής ψημένη γη, δρασκελίζει υπέρ νωθρού κυνός";
$str = mb_convert_case($str, MB_CASE_UPPER, "UTF-8");
echo $str; // 結果は ΤΆΧΙΣΤΗ ΑΛΏΠΗΞ ΒΑΦΉΣ ΨΗΜΈΝΗ ΓΗ, ΔΡΑΣΚΕΛΊΖΕΙ ΥΠΈΡ ΝΩΘΡΟΎ ΚΥΝΌΣ
$str = mb_convert_case($str, MB_CASE_TITLE, "UTF-8");
echo $str; // 結果は Τάχιστη Αλώπηξ Βαφήσ Ψημένη Γη, Δρασκελίζει Υπέρ Νωθρού Κυνόσ
?>

Unicode

標準のケースフォールディング関数である strtolower() や strtoupper() と違い、ケースフォールディングは Unicode 文字属性を基準に行われます。したがって、この関数の挙動はロケールの設定に影響されず、また、すべてのアルファベット、例えば A ウムラウト (Ä) を変換することができます。

Unicode 文字属性についての詳細は » http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr21/ を参照ください。

参考

mb_strtolower() - 文字列を小文字にする
mb_strtoupper() - 文字列を大文字にする
strtolower() - 文字列を小文字にする
strtoupper() - 文字列を大文字にする
ucfirst() - 文字列の最初の文字を大文字にする
ucwords() - 文字列の各単語の最初の文字を大文字にする

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User Contributed Notes 10 notes

down

alNzy ¶

4 years ago


You can use this function to fix problems related to Turkish "ı", "I", "i", "İ" characters. This function also replaces the weird "i̇" character with regular "i" character ("i̇ => i").

function mb_convert_case_tr($str, $type, $encoding = "UTF-8")
{

  switch ($type) {
    case "u":
    case "upper":
    case MB_CASE_UPPER:
      $type = MB_CASE_UPPER;
      break;
    case "l":
    case "lower":
    case MB_CASE_LOWER:
      $type = MB_CASE_LOWER;
      break;
    case "t":
    case "title":
    case MB_CASE_TITLE:
      $type = MB_CASE_TITLE;
      break;
  }

  $str = str_replace("i", "İ", $str);
  $str = str_replace("I", "ı", $str);

  $str = mb_convert_case($str, $type, $encoding);
  $str = str_replace("i̇", "i", $str);

  return $str;
}

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agash at freemail dot hu ¶

15 years ago


as the previouly posted version of this function doesn't handle UTF-8 characters, I simply tried to replace ucfirst to mb_convert_case, but then any previous case foldings were lost while looping through delimiters. 
So I decided to do an mb_convert_case on the input string (it also deals with words is uppercase wich may also be problematic when doing case-sensitive search), and do the rest of checking after that.

As with mb_convert_case, words are capitalized, I also added lowercase convertion for the exceptions, but, for the above mentioned reason, I left ucfirst unchanged.

Now it works fine for utf-8 strings as well, except for string delimiters followed by an UTF-8 character ("Mcádám" is unchanged, while "mcdunno's" is converted to "McDunno's" and "ökrös-TÓTH éDUa" in also put in the correct form)

I use it for checking user input on names and addresses, so exceptions list contains some hungarian words too.

<?php

function titleCase($string, $delimiters = array(" ", "-", ".", "'", "O'", "Mc"), $exceptions = array("út", "u", "s", "és", "utca", "tér", "krt", "körút", "sétány", "I", "II", "III", "IV", "V", "VI", "VII", "VIII", "IX", "X", "XI", "XII", "XIII", "XIV", "XV", "XVI", "XVII", "XVIII", "XIX", "XX", "XXI", "XXII", "XXIII", "XXIV", "XXV", "XXVI", "XXVII", "XXVIII", "XXIX", "XXX" )) {
       /*
        * Exceptions in lower case are words you don't want converted
        * Exceptions all in upper case are any words you don't want converted to title case
        *   but should be converted to upper case, e.g.:
        *   king henry viii or king henry Viii should be King Henry VIII
        */
        $string = mb_convert_case($string, MB_CASE_TITLE, "UTF-8");

       foreach ($delimiters as $dlnr => $delimiter){
               $words = explode($delimiter, $string);
               $newwords = array();
               foreach ($words as $wordnr => $word){
               
                       if (in_array(mb_strtoupper($word, "UTF-8"), $exceptions)){
                               // check exceptions list for any words that should be in upper case
                               $word = mb_strtoupper($word, "UTF-8");
                       }
                       elseif (in_array(mb_strtolower($word, "UTF-8"), $exceptions)){
                               // check exceptions list for any words that should be in upper case
                               $word = mb_strtolower($word, "UTF-8");
                       }
                       
                       elseif (!in_array($word, $exceptions) ){
                               // convert to uppercase (non-utf8 only)
                             
                               $word = ucfirst($word);
                               
                       }
                       array_push($newwords, $word);
               }
               $string = join($delimiter, $newwords);
       }//foreach
       return $string;
} 

?>

down

Rasa Ravi at tantrajoga dot cz ¶

19 years ago


For CZECH characters:
<?php
$text = mb_convert_case($text, MB_CASE_LOWER, "Windows-1251");
?>
The right encoding Windows-1250 is not valid (see the list mb_list_encodings), but Windows-1251 will do the same 100%. The function strtolower() ignores czech characters with diacritics.

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dave at wp dot pl ¶

8 years ago


MB_CASE_TITLE doesn't change letters in quotation marks.

Example:
mb_convert_case('AAA "aaa"', MB_CASE_TITLE); 
// Result: Aaa "aaa"

down

info at yasarnet dot com ¶

16 years ago


For my case following did the work to capitalize UTF-8 encoded string. 

function capitalize($str, $encoding = 'UTF-8') {
    return mb_strtoupper(mb_substr($str, 0, 1, $encoding), $encoding) . mb_strtolower(mb_substr($str, 1, mb_strlen($str), $encoding), $encoding);
}

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the at psychoticneurotic dot com ¶

15 years ago


Building upon Justin's and Alex's work... 



This function allows you to specify which delimiter(s) to explode on (not just the default space). Now you can correctly capitalize Irish names and hyphenated words (if you want)!



<?php

function titleCase($string, $delimiters = array(" ", "-", "O'"), $exceptions = array("to", "a", "the", "of", "by", "and", "with", "II", "III", "IV", "V", "VI", "VII", "VIII", "IX", "X")) {

       /*

        * Exceptions in lower case are words you don't want converted

        * Exceptions all in upper case are any words you don't want converted to title case

        *   but should be converted to upper case, e.g.:

        *   king henry viii or king henry Viii should be King Henry VIII

        */

       foreach ($delimiters as $delimiter){

               $words = explode($delimiter, $string);

               $newwords = array();

               foreach ($words as $word){

                       if (in_array(strtoupper($word), $exceptions)){

                               // check exceptions list for any words that should be in upper case

                               $word = strtoupper($word);

                       } elseif (!in_array($word, $exceptions)){

                               // convert to uppercase

                               $word = ucfirst($word);

                       }

                       array_push($newwords, $word);

               }

               $string = join($delimiter, $newwords);

       }

       return $string;

}

?>

down

tavhane at gmail dot com ¶

6 years ago


for turkish simple:

$str = mb_convert_case(str_replace(['i','I'], ['İ','ı'], $str), MB_CASE_TITLE,"UTF-8");

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-1

Anonymous ¶

2 years ago


$str = "Τάχιστη αλώπηξ βαφής ψημένη γη, δρασκελίζει υπέρ νωθρού κυνός";
$str = mb_convert_case($str, MB_CASE_UPPER, "UTF-8");
this convertation does not give the example that you already post 
but this one

$str = mb_convert_case($str, MB_CASE_UPPER, "UTF-8");
"ΤΆΧΙΣΤΗ ΑΛΏΠΗΞ ΒΑΦΉΣ ΨΗΜΈΝΗ ΓΗ, ΔΡΑΣΚΕΛΊΖΕΙ ΥΠΈΡ ΝΩΘΡΟΎ ΚΥΝΌΣ"

down

-3

webenformasyon at gmail dot com ¶

6 years ago


for turkish language I => i  and i => I conversion is a problem. It must be I => ı and i => İ so my simple solution is

    public function title_case_turkish($str){

 
        $str = str_replace("i", "İ", $str);
        $str = str_replace("I", "ı", $str);

        $str = mb_convert_case($str, MB_CASE_TITLE,"UTF-8");

        return $str;

    }

down

-7

cataphract at php dot net ¶

14 years ago


This is a variation of mb_convert_case that works only for UTF-8 strings and that will not convert to lowercase anything.



This avoids turning "AAA aaa" into "Aaa Aaa"; it maps "AAA aaa" into ""AAA Aaa" instead.



<?php

function mb_convert_case_utf8_variation($s) {

    $arr = preg_split("//u", $s, -1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY);

    $result = "";

    $mode = false;

    foreach ($arr as $char) {

        $res = preg_match(

            '/\\p{Mn}|\\p{Me}|\\p{Cf}|\\p{Lm}|\\p{Sk}|\\p{Lu}|\\p{Ll}|'.

            '\\p{Lt}|\\p{Sk}|\\p{Cs}/u', $char) == 1;

        if ($mode) {

            if (!$res)

                $mode = false;

        }

        elseif ($res) {

            $mode = true;

            $char = mb_convert_case($char, MB_CASE_TITLE, "UTF-8");

        }

        $result .= $char;

    }



    return $result;

}

?>

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