You can use this function to fix problems related to Turkish "ı", "I", "i", "İ" characters. This function also replaces the weird "i̇" character with regular "i" character ("i̇ => i").
function mb_convert_case_tr($str, $type, $encoding = "UTF-8")
{
switch ($type) {
case "u":
case "upper":
case MB_CASE_UPPER:
$type = MB_CASE_UPPER;
break;
case "l":
case "lower":
case MB_CASE_LOWER:
$type = MB_CASE_LOWER;
break;
case "t":
case "title":
case MB_CASE_TITLE:
$type = MB_CASE_TITLE;
break;
}
$str = str_replace("i", "İ", $str);
$str = str_replace("I", "ı", $str);
$str = mb_convert_case($str, $type, $encoding);
$str = str_replace("i̇", "i", $str);
return $str;
}
mb_convert_case
(PHP 4 >= 4.3.0, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)
mb_convert_case — Меняет регистр символов в строке
Описание
Меняет регистр символов в строке,
преобразовывая её заданным в параметре mode способом.
Список параметров
-
string -
Строка (string) для преобразования.
-
mode -
Режим смены регистра. Он может принимать значение одной из констант:
MB_CASE_UPPER,MB_CASE_LOWER,MB_CASE_TITLE,MB_CASE_FOLD,MB_CASE_UPPER_SIMPLE,MB_CASE_LOWER_SIMPLE,MB_CASE_TITLE_SIMPLEилиMB_CASE_FOLD_SIMPLE. -
encoding -
Параметр
encoding— это кодировка символов. Если он опущен или равенnull, для него будет установлена внутренняя кодировка символов.
Возвращаемые значения
Возвращает версию переданной в параметр string строки с изменённым регистром, преобразованной
заданным в параметре mode способом.
Список изменений
| Версия | Описание |
|---|---|
| 7.3.0 |
Добавлена поддержка режимов,
которые можно передавать в параметр mode:
MB_CASE_FOLD,
MB_CASE_UPPER_SIMPLE,
MB_CASE_LOWER_SIMPLE,
MB_CASE_TITLE_SIMPLE
и MB_CASE_FOLD_SIMPLE.
|
Примеры
Пример #1 Пример использования функции mb_convert_case()
<?php
$str = "у мэри был маленький ягнёнок и она его очень любила";
$str = mb_convert_case($str, MB_CASE_UPPER, "UTF-8");
echo $str; // Выведет У МЭРИ БЫЛ МАЛЕНЬКИЙ ЯГНЁНОК И ОНА ЕГО ОЧЕНЬ ЛЮБИЛА
$str = mb_convert_case($str, MB_CASE_TITLE, "UTF-8");
echo $str; // Выведет У Мэри Был Маленький Ягнёнок И Она Его Очень Любила
?>
Пример #2 Пример использования функции mb_convert_case() с нелатински текстомм в кодировке UTF-8
<?php
$str = "Τάχιστη αλώπηξ βαφής ψημένη γη, δρασκελίζει υπέρ νωθρού κυνός";
$str = mb_convert_case($str, MB_CASE_UPPER, "UTF-8");
echo $str; // Выведет ΤΆΧΙΣΤΗ ΑΛΏΠΗΞ ΒΑΦΉΣ ΨΗΜΈΝΗ ΓΗ, ΔΡΑΣΚΕΛΊΖΕΙ ΥΠΈΡ ΝΩΘΡΟΎ ΚΥΝΌΣ
$str = mb_convert_case($str, MB_CASE_TITLE, "UTF-8");
echo $str; // Выведет Τάχιστη Αλώπηξ Βαφήσ Ψημένη Γη, Δρασκελίζει Υπέρ Νωθρού Κυνόσ
?>Примечания
В отличие от стандартных функций смены регистра, вроде strtolower() и strtoupper(), регистр меняется на основе свойств символа Юникода. Поэтому на поведение этой функции не влияют региональные настройки системы, и она может конвертировать любые символы, имеющие «алфавитное» свойство, например, как а-умляут (ä).
Подробнее о свойствах Юникода рассказано по ссылке » http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr21/.
Смотрите также
- mb_strtolower() - Приводит строку к нижнему регистру
- mb_strtoupper() - Приведит строку к верхнему регистру
- strtolower() - Преобразовывает строку в нижний регистр
- strtoupper() - Преобразовывает строку в верхний регистр
- ucfirst() - Преобразовывает первый символ строки в верхний регистр
- ucwords() - Преобразовывает в верхний регистр первый символ каждого слова в строке
add a note
User Contributed Notes 10 notes
alNzy ¶
4 years ago
agash at freemail dot hu ¶
15 years ago
as the previouly posted version of this function doesn't handle UTF-8 characters, I simply tried to replace ucfirst to mb_convert_case, but then any previous case foldings were lost while looping through delimiters.
So I decided to do an mb_convert_case on the input string (it also deals with words is uppercase wich may also be problematic when doing case-sensitive search), and do the rest of checking after that.
As with mb_convert_case, words are capitalized, I also added lowercase convertion for the exceptions, but, for the above mentioned reason, I left ucfirst unchanged.
Now it works fine for utf-8 strings as well, except for string delimiters followed by an UTF-8 character ("Mcádám" is unchanged, while "mcdunno's" is converted to "McDunno's" and "ökrös-TÓTH éDUa" in also put in the correct form)
I use it for checking user input on names and addresses, so exceptions list contains some hungarian words too.
<?php
function titleCase($string, $delimiters = array(" ", "-", ".", "'", "O'", "Mc"), $exceptions = array("út", "u", "s", "és", "utca", "tér", "krt", "körút", "sétány", "I", "II", "III", "IV", "V", "VI", "VII", "VIII", "IX", "X", "XI", "XII", "XIII", "XIV", "XV", "XVI", "XVII", "XVIII", "XIX", "XX", "XXI", "XXII", "XXIII", "XXIV", "XXV", "XXVI", "XXVII", "XXVIII", "XXIX", "XXX" )) {
/*
* Exceptions in lower case are words you don't want converted
* Exceptions all in upper case are any words you don't want converted to title case
* but should be converted to upper case, e.g.:
* king henry viii or king henry Viii should be King Henry VIII
*/
$string = mb_convert_case($string, MB_CASE_TITLE, "UTF-8");
foreach ($delimiters as $dlnr => $delimiter){
$words = explode($delimiter, $string);
$newwords = array();
foreach ($words as $wordnr => $word){
if (in_array(mb_strtoupper($word, "UTF-8"), $exceptions)){
// check exceptions list for any words that should be in upper case
$word = mb_strtoupper($word, "UTF-8");
}
elseif (in_array(mb_strtolower($word, "UTF-8"), $exceptions)){
// check exceptions list for any words that should be in upper case
$word = mb_strtolower($word, "UTF-8");
}
elseif (!in_array($word, $exceptions) ){
// convert to uppercase (non-utf8 only)
$word = ucfirst($word);
}
array_push($newwords, $word);
}
$string = join($delimiter, $newwords);
}//foreach
return $string;
}
?>
Rasa Ravi at tantrajoga dot cz ¶
19 years ago
For CZECH characters:
<?php
$text = mb_convert_case($text, MB_CASE_LOWER, "Windows-1251");
?>
The right encoding Windows-1250 is not valid (see the list mb_list_encodings), but Windows-1251 will do the same 100%. The function strtolower() ignores czech characters with diacritics.
dave at wp dot pl ¶
8 years ago
MB_CASE_TITLE doesn't change letters in quotation marks.
Example:
mb_convert_case('AAA "aaa"', MB_CASE_TITLE);
// Result: Aaa "aaa"
info at yasarnet dot com ¶
16 years ago
For my case following did the work to capitalize UTF-8 encoded string.
function capitalize($str, $encoding = 'UTF-8') {
return mb_strtoupper(mb_substr($str, 0, 1, $encoding), $encoding) . mb_strtolower(mb_substr($str, 1, mb_strlen($str), $encoding), $encoding);
}
the at psychoticneurotic dot com ¶
15 years ago
Building upon Justin's and Alex's work...
This function allows you to specify which delimiter(s) to explode on (not just the default space). Now you can correctly capitalize Irish names and hyphenated words (if you want)!
<?php
function titleCase($string, $delimiters = array(" ", "-", "O'"), $exceptions = array("to", "a", "the", "of", "by", "and", "with", "II", "III", "IV", "V", "VI", "VII", "VIII", "IX", "X")) {
/*
* Exceptions in lower case are words you don't want converted
* Exceptions all in upper case are any words you don't want converted to title case
* but should be converted to upper case, e.g.:
* king henry viii or king henry Viii should be King Henry VIII
*/
foreach ($delimiters as $delimiter){
$words = explode($delimiter, $string);
$newwords = array();
foreach ($words as $word){
if (in_array(strtoupper($word), $exceptions)){
// check exceptions list for any words that should be in upper case
$word = strtoupper($word);
} elseif (!in_array($word, $exceptions)){
// convert to uppercase
$word = ucfirst($word);
}
array_push($newwords, $word);
}
$string = join($delimiter, $newwords);
}
return $string;
}
?>
tavhane at gmail dot com ¶
6 years ago
for turkish simple:
$str = mb_convert_case(str_replace(['i','I'], ['İ','ı'], $str), MB_CASE_TITLE,"UTF-8");
Anonymous ¶
2 years ago
$str = "Τάχιστη αλώπηξ βαφής ψημένη γη, δρασκελίζει υπέρ νωθρού κυνός";
$str = mb_convert_case($str, MB_CASE_UPPER, "UTF-8");
this convertation does not give the example that you already post
but this one
$str = mb_convert_case($str, MB_CASE_UPPER, "UTF-8");
"ΤΆΧΙΣΤΗ ΑΛΏΠΗΞ ΒΑΦΉΣ ΨΗΜΈΝΗ ΓΗ, ΔΡΑΣΚΕΛΊΖΕΙ ΥΠΈΡ ΝΩΘΡΟΎ ΚΥΝΌΣ"
webenformasyon at gmail dot com ¶
6 years ago
for turkish language I => i and i => I conversion is a problem. It must be I => ı and i => İ so my simple solution is
public function title_case_turkish($str){
$str = str_replace("i", "İ", $str);
$str = str_replace("I", "ı", $str);
$str = mb_convert_case($str, MB_CASE_TITLE,"UTF-8");
return $str;
}
cataphract at php dot net ¶
14 years ago
This is a variation of mb_convert_case that works only for UTF-8 strings and that will not convert to lowercase anything.
This avoids turning "AAA aaa" into "Aaa Aaa"; it maps "AAA aaa" into ""AAA Aaa" instead.
<?php
function mb_convert_case_utf8_variation($s) {
$arr = preg_split("//u", $s, -1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY);
$result = "";
$mode = false;
foreach ($arr as $char) {
$res = preg_match(
'/\\p{Mn}|\\p{Me}|\\p{Cf}|\\p{Lm}|\\p{Sk}|\\p{Lu}|\\p{Ll}|'.
'\\p{Lt}|\\p{Sk}|\\p{Cs}/u', $char) == 1;
if ($mode) {
if (!$res)
$mode = false;
}
elseif ($res) {
$mode = true;
$char = mb_convert_case($char, MB_CASE_TITLE, "UTF-8");
}
$result .= $char;
}
return $result;
}
?>
