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curl_setopt

(PHP 4 >= 4.0.2, PHP 5, PHP 7)

curl_setopt — Set an option for a cURL transfer

설명

bool curl_setopt ( resource $ch , int $option , mixed $value )

Sets an option on the given cURL session handle.

인수

ch

curl_init()가 반환한 cURL 핸들입니다.

option

The CURLOPT_XXX option to set.

value

The value to be set on option.

value should be a bool for the following values of the option parameter:

Option	Set `value` to	Notes
`CURLOPT_AUTOREFERER`	`TRUE` to automatically set the Referer: field in requests where it follows a Location: redirect.
`CURLOPT_BINARYTRANSFER`	`TRUE` to return the raw output when `CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER` is used.	From PHP 5.1.3, this option has no effect: the raw output will always be returned when `CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER` is used.
`CURLOPT_COOKIESESSION`	`TRUE` to mark this as a new cookie "session". It will force libcurl to ignore all cookies it is about to load that are "session cookies" from the previous session. By default, libcurl always stores and loads all cookies, independent if they are session cookies or not. Session cookies are cookies without expiry date and they are meant to be alive and existing for this "session" only.
`CURLOPT_CERTINFO`	`TRUE` to output SSL certification information to STDERR on secure transfers.	Added in cURL 7.19.1. Available since PHP 5.3.2. Requires `CURLOPT_VERBOSE` to be on to have an effect.
`CURLOPT_CONNECT_ONLY`	`TRUE` tells the library to perform all the required proxy authentication and connection setup, but no data transfer. This option is implemented for HTTP, SMTP and POP3.	Added in 7.15.2. Available since PHP 5.5.0.
`CURLOPT_CRLF`	`TRUE` to convert Unix newlines to CRLF newlines on transfers.
`CURLOPT_DNS_USE_GLOBAL_CACHE`	`TRUE` to use a global DNS cache. This option is not thread-safe and is enabled by default.
`CURLOPT_FAILONERROR`	`TRUE` to fail verbosely if the HTTP code returned is greater than or equal to 400. The default behavior is to return the page normally, ignoring the code.
`CURLOPT_SSL_FALSESTART`	`TRUE` to enable TLS false start.	Added in cURL 7.42.0. Available since PHP 7.0.7.
`CURLOPT_FILETIME`	`TRUE` to attempt to retrieve the modification date of the remote document. This value can be retrieved using the `CURLINFO_FILETIME` option with curl_getinfo().
`CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION`	`TRUE` to follow any "Location: " header that the server sends as part of the HTTP header (note this is recursive, PHP will follow as many "Location: " headers that it is sent, unless `CURLOPT_MAXREDIRS` is set).
`CURLOPT_FORBID_REUSE`	`TRUE` to force the connection to explicitly close when it has finished processing, and not be pooled for reuse.
`CURLOPT_FRESH_CONNECT`	`TRUE` to force the use of a new connection instead of a cached one.
`CURLOPT_FTP_USE_EPRT`	`TRUE` to use EPRT (and LPRT) when doing active FTP downloads. Use `FALSE` to disable EPRT and LPRT and use PORT only.
`CURLOPT_FTP_USE_EPSV`	`TRUE` to first try an EPSV command for FTP transfers before reverting back to PASV. Set to `FALSE` to disable EPSV.
`CURLOPT_FTP_CREATE_MISSING_DIRS`	`TRUE` to create missing directories when an FTP operation encounters a path that currently doesn't exist.
`CURLOPT_FTPAPPEND`	`TRUE` to append to the remote file instead of overwriting it.
`CURLOPT_TCP_NODELAY`	`TRUE` to disable TCP's Nagle algorithm, which tries to minimize the number of small packets on the network.	Available since PHP 5.2.1 for versions compiled with libcurl 7.11.2 or greater.
`CURLOPT_FTPASCII`	An alias of `CURLOPT_TRANSFERTEXT`. Use that instead.
`CURLOPT_FTPLISTONLY`	`TRUE` to only list the names of an FTP directory.
`CURLOPT_HEADER`	`TRUE` to include the header in the output.
`CURLINFO_HEADER_OUT`	`TRUE` to track the handle's request string.	Available since PHP 5.1.3. The `CURLINFO_` prefix is intentional.
`CURLOPT_HTTPGET`	`TRUE` to reset the HTTP request method to GET. Since GET is the default, this is only necessary if the request method has been changed.
`CURLOPT_HTTPPROXYTUNNEL`	`TRUE` to tunnel through a given HTTP proxy.
`CURLOPT_MUTE`	`TRUE` to be completely silent with regards to the cURL functions.	Removed in cURL 7.15.5 (You can use CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER instead)
`CURLOPT_NETRC`	`TRUE` to scan the `~/.netrc` file to find a username and password for the remote site that a connection is being established with.
`CURLOPT_NOBODY`	`TRUE` to exclude the body from the output. Request method is then set to HEAD. Changing this to `FALSE` does not change it to GET.
`CURLOPT_NOPROGRESS`	`TRUE` to disable the progress meter for cURL transfers. Note: PHP automatically sets this option to `TRUE`, this should only be changed for debugging purposes.
`CURLOPT_NOSIGNAL`	`TRUE` to ignore any cURL function that causes a signal to be sent to the PHP process. This is turned on by default in multi-threaded SAPIs so timeout options can still be used.	Added in cURL 7.10.
`CURLOPT_PATH_AS_IS`	`TRUE` to not handle dot dot sequences.	Added in cURL 7.42.0. Available since PHP 7.0.7.
`CURLOPT_PIPEWAIT`	`TRUE` to wait for pipelining/multiplexing.	Added in cURL 7.43.0. Available since PHP 7.0.7.
`CURLOPT_POST`	`TRUE` to do a regular HTTP POST. This POST is the normal application/x-www-form-urlencoded kind, most commonly used by HTML forms.
`CURLOPT_PUT`	`TRUE` to HTTP PUT a file. The file to PUT must be set with `CURLOPT_INFILE` and `CURLOPT_INFILESIZE`.
`CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER`	`TRUE` to return the transfer as a string of the return value of curl_exec() instead of outputting it out directly.
`CURLOPT_SAFE_UPLOAD`	`TRUE` to disable support for the @ prefix for uploading files in `CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS`, which means that values starting with @ can be safely passed as fields. CURLFile may be used for uploads instead.	Added in PHP 5.5.0 with `FALSE` as the default value. PHP 5.6.0 changes the default value to `TRUE`.
`CURLOPT_SASL_IR`	`TRUE` to enable sending the initial response in the first packet.	Added in cURL 7.31.10. Available since PHP 7.0.7.
`CURLOPT_SSL_ENABLE_ALPN`	`FALSE` to disable ALPN in the SSL handshake (if the SSL backend libcurl is built to use supports it), which can be used to negotiate http2.	Added in cURL 7.36.0. Available since PHP 7.0.7.
`CURLOPT_SSL_ENABLE_NPN`	`FALSE` to disable NPN in the SSL handshake (if the SSL backend libcurl is built to use supports it), which can be used to negotiate http2.	Added in cURL 7.36.0. Available since PHP 7.0.7.
`CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER`	`FALSE` to stop cURL from verifying the peer's certificate. Alternate certificates to verify against can be specified with the `CURLOPT_CAINFO` option or a certificate directory can be specified with the `CURLOPT_CAPATH` option.	`TRUE` by default as of cURL 7.10. Default bundle installed as of cURL 7.10.
`CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYSTATUS`	`TRUE` to verify the certificate's status.	Added in cURL 7.41.0. Available since PHP 7.0.7.
`CURLOPT_TCP_FASTOPEN`	`TRUE` to enable TCP Fast Open.	Added in cURL 7.49.0. Available since PHP 7.0.7.
`CURLOPT_TFTP_NO_OPTIONS`	`TRUE` to not send TFTP options requests.	Added in cURL 7.48.0. Available since PHP 7.0.7.
`CURLOPT_TRANSFERTEXT`	`TRUE` to use ASCII mode for FTP transfers. For LDAP, it retrieves data in plain text instead of HTML. On Windows systems, it will not set STDOUT to binary mode.
`CURLOPT_UNRESTRICTED_AUTH`	`TRUE` to keep sending the username and password when following locations (using `CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION`), even when the hostname has changed.
`CURLOPT_UPLOAD`	`TRUE` to prepare for an upload.
`CURLOPT_VERBOSE`	`TRUE` to output verbose information. Writes output to STDERR, or the file specified using `CURLOPT_STDERR`.

value should be an integer for the following values of the option parameter:

Option	Set `value` to	Notes
`CURLOPT_BUFFERSIZE`	The size of the buffer to use for each read. There is no guarantee this request will be fulfilled, however.	Added in cURL 7.10.
`CURLOPT_CLOSEPOLICY`	One of the *`CURLCLOSEPOLICY_` values. Note**: This option is deprecated, as it was never implemented in cURL and never had any effect.	Removed in PHP 5.6.0.
`CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT`	The number of seconds to wait while trying to connect. Use 0 to wait indefinitely.
`CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT_MS`	The number of milliseconds to wait while trying to connect. Use 0 to wait indefinitely. If libcurl is built to use the standard system name resolver, that portion of the connect will still use full-second resolution for timeouts with a minimum timeout allowed of one second.	Added in cURL 7.16.2. Available since PHP 5.2.3.
`CURLOPT_DNS_CACHE_TIMEOUT`	The number of seconds to keep DNS entries in memory. This option is set to 120 (2 minutes) by default.
`CURLOPT_EXPECT_100_TIMEOUT_MS`	The timeout for Expect: 100-continue responses in milliseconds. Defaults to 1000 milliseconds.	Added in cURL 7.36.0. Available since PHP 7.0.7.
`CURLOPT_FTPSSLAUTH`	The FTP authentication method (when is activated): CURLFTPAUTH_SSL (try SSL first), CURLFTPAUTH_TLS (try TLS first), or CURLFTPAUTH_DEFAULT (let cURL decide).	Added in cURL 7.12.2.
`CURLOPT_HEADEROPT`	How to deal with headers. One of the following constants: `CURLHEADER_UNIFIED`: the headers specified in `CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER` will be used in requests both to servers and proxies. With this option enabled, `CURLOPT_PROXYHEADER` will not have any effect. `CURLHEADER_SEPARATE`: makes `CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER` headers only get sent to a server and not to a proxy. Proxy headers must be set with `CURLOPT_PROXYHEADER` to get used. Note that if a non-CONNECT request is sent to a proxy, libcurl will send both server headers and proxy headers. When doing CONNECT, libcurl will send `CURLOPT_PROXYHEADER` headers only to the proxy and then `CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER` headers only to the server. Defaults to `CURLHEADER_SEPARATE` as of cURL 7.42.1, and `CURLHEADER_UNIFIED` before.	Added in cURL 7.37.0. Available since PHP 7.0.7.
`CURLOPT_HTTP_VERSION`	`CURL_HTTP_VERSION_NONE` (default, lets CURL decide which version to use), `CURL_HTTP_VERSION_1_0` (forces HTTP/1.0), or `CURL_HTTP_VERSION_1_1` (forces HTTP/1.1).
`CURLOPT_HTTPAUTH`	The HTTP authentication method(s) to use. The options are: `CURLAUTH_BASIC`, `CURLAUTH_DIGEST`, `CURLAUTH_GSSNEGOTIATE`, `CURLAUTH_NTLM`, `CURLAUTH_ANY`, and `CURLAUTH_ANYSAFE`. The bitwise \| (or) operator can be used to combine more than one method. If this is done, cURL will poll the server to see what methods it supports and pick the best one. `CURLAUTH_ANY` is an alias for CURLAUTH_BASIC \| CURLAUTH_DIGEST \| CURLAUTH_GSSNEGOTIATE \| CURLAUTH_NTLM. `CURLAUTH_ANYSAFE` is an alias for CURLAUTH_DIGEST \| CURLAUTH_GSSNEGOTIATE \| CURLAUTH_NTLM.
`CURLOPT_INFILESIZE`	The expected size, in bytes, of the file when uploading a file to a remote site. Note that using this option will not stop libcurl from sending more data, as exactly what is sent depends on `CURLOPT_READFUNCTION`.
`CURLOPT_LOW_SPEED_LIMIT`	The transfer speed, in bytes per second, that the transfer should be below during the count of `CURLOPT_LOW_SPEED_TIME` seconds before PHP considers the transfer too slow and aborts.
`CURLOPT_LOW_SPEED_TIME`	The number of seconds the transfer speed should be below `CURLOPT_LOW_SPEED_LIMIT` before PHP considers the transfer too slow and aborts.
`CURLOPT_MAXCONNECTS`	The maximum amount of persistent connections that are allowed. When the limit is reached, `CURLOPT_CLOSEPOLICY` is used to determine which connection to close.
`CURLOPT_MAXREDIRS`	The maximum amount of HTTP redirections to follow. Use this option alongside `CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION`.
`CURLOPT_PORT`	An alternative port number to connect to.
`CURLOPT_POSTREDIR`	A bitmask of 1 (301 Moved Permanently), 2 (302 Found) and 4 (303 See Other) if the HTTP POST method should be maintained when `CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION` is set and a specific type of redirect occurs.	Added in cURL 7.19.1. Available since PHP 5.3.2.
`CURLOPT_PROTOCOLS`	Bitmask of *`CURLPROTO_` values. If used, this bitmask limits what protocols libcurl may use in the transfer. This allows you to have a libcurl built to support a wide range of protocols but still limit specific transfers to only be allowed to use a subset of them. By default libcurl will accept all protocols it supports. See also `CURLOPT_REDIR_PROTOCOLS`**. Valid protocol options are: `CURLPROTO_HTTP`, `CURLPROTO_HTTPS`, `CURLPROTO_FTP`, `CURLPROTO_FTPS`, `CURLPROTO_SCP`, `CURLPROTO_SFTP`, `CURLPROTO_TELNET`, `CURLPROTO_LDAP`, `CURLPROTO_LDAPS`, `CURLPROTO_DICT`, `CURLPROTO_FILE`, `CURLPROTO_TFTP`, `CURLPROTO_ALL`	Added in cURL 7.19.4.
`CURLOPT_PROXYAUTH`	The HTTP authentication method(s) to use for the proxy connection. Use the same bitmasks as described in `CURLOPT_HTTPAUTH`. For proxy authentication, only `CURLAUTH_BASIC` and `CURLAUTH_NTLM` are currently supported.	Added in cURL 7.10.7.
`CURLOPT_PROXYPORT`	The port number of the proxy to connect to. This port number can also be set in `CURLOPT_PROXY`.
`CURLOPT_PROXYTYPE`	Either `CURLPROXY_HTTP` (default), `CURLPROXY_SOCKS4`, `CURLPROXY_SOCKS5`, `CURLPROXY_SOCKS4A` or `CURLPROXY_SOCKS5_HOSTNAME`.	Added in cURL 7.10.
`CURLOPT_REDIR_PROTOCOLS`	Bitmask of *`CURLPROTO_` values. If used, this bitmask limits what protocols libcurl may use in a transfer that it follows to in a redirect when `CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION` is enabled. This allows you to limit specific transfers to only be allowed to use a subset of protocols in redirections. By default libcurl will allow all protocols except for FILE and SCP. This is a difference compared to pre-7.19.4 versions which unconditionally would follow to all protocols supported. See also `CURLOPT_PROTOCOLS`** for protocol constant values.	Added in cURL 7.19.4.
`CURLOPT_RESUME_FROM`	The offset, in bytes, to resume a transfer from.
`CURLOPT_SSL_OPTIONS`	Set SSL behavior options, which is a bitmask of any of the following constants: `CURLSSLOPT_ALLOW_BEAST`: do not attempt to use any workarounds for a security flaw in the SSL3 and TLS1.0 protocols. `CURLSSLOPT_NO_REVOKE`: disable certificate revocation checks for those SSL backends where such behavior is present.	Added in cURL 7.25.0. Available since PHP 7.0.7.
`CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST`	1 to check the existence of a common name in the SSL peer certificate. 2 to check the existence of a common name and also verify that it matches the hostname provided. In production environments the value of this option should be kept at 2 (default value).	Support for value 1 removed in cURL 7.28.1
`CURLOPT_SSLVERSION`	One of `CURL_SSLVERSION_DEFAULT` (0), `CURL_SSLVERSION_TLSv1` (1), `CURL_SSLVERSION_SSLv2` (2), `CURL_SSLVERSION_SSLv3` (3), `CURL_SSLVERSION_TLSv1_0` (4), `CURL_SSLVERSION_TLSv1_1` (5) or `CURL_SSLVERSION_TLSv1_2` (6). Note: Your best bet is to not set this and let it use the default. Setting it to 2 or 3 is very dangerous given the known vulnerabilities in SSLv2 and SSLv3.
`CURLOPT_STREAM_WEIGHT`	Set the numerical stream weight (a number between 1 and 256).	Added in cURL 7.46.0. Available since PHP 7.0.7.
`CURLOPT_TIMECONDITION`	How `CURLOPT_TIMEVALUE` is treated. Use `CURL_TIMECOND_IFMODSINCE` to return the page only if it has been modified since the time specified in `CURLOPT_TIMEVALUE`. If it hasn't been modified, a "304 Not Modified" header will be returned assuming `CURLOPT_HEADER` is `TRUE`. Use `CURL_TIMECOND_IFUNMODSINCE` for the reverse effect. `CURL_TIMECOND_IFMODSINCE` is the default.
`CURLOPT_TIMEOUT`	The maximum number of seconds to allow cURL functions to execute.
`CURLOPT_TIMEOUT_MS`	The maximum number of milliseconds to allow cURL functions to execute. If libcurl is built to use the standard system name resolver, that portion of the connect will still use full-second resolution for timeouts with a minimum timeout allowed of one second.	Added in cURL 7.16.2. Available since PHP 5.2.3.
`CURLOPT_TIMEVALUE`	The time in seconds since January 1st, 1970. The time will be used by `CURLOPT_TIMECONDITION`. By default, `CURL_TIMECOND_IFMODSINCE` is used.
`CURLOPT_MAX_RECV_SPEED_LARGE`	If a download exceeds this speed (counted in bytes per second) on cumulative average during the transfer, the transfer will pause to keep the average rate less than or equal to the parameter value. Defaults to unlimited speed.	Added in cURL 7.15.5. Available since PHP 5.4.0.
`CURLOPT_MAX_SEND_SPEED_LARGE`	If an upload exceeds this speed (counted in bytes per second) on cumulative average during the transfer, the transfer will pause to keep the average rate less than or equal to the parameter value. Defaults to unlimited speed.	Added in cURL 7.15.5. Available since PHP 5.4.0.
`CURLOPT_SSH_AUTH_TYPES`	A bitmask consisting of one or more of `CURLSSH_AUTH_PUBLICKEY`, `CURLSSH_AUTH_PASSWORD`, `CURLSSH_AUTH_HOST`, `CURLSSH_AUTH_KEYBOARD`. Set to `CURLSSH_AUTH_ANY` to let libcurl pick one.	Added in cURL 7.16.1.
`CURLOPT_IPRESOLVE`	Allows an application to select what kind of IP addresses to use when resolving host names. This is only interesting when using host names that resolve addresses using more than one version of IP, possible values are `CURL_IPRESOLVE_WHATEVER`, `CURL_IPRESOLVE_V4`, `CURL_IPRESOLVE_V6`, by default `CURL_IPRESOLVE_WHATEVER`.	Added in cURL 7.10.8.
`CURLOPT_FTP_FILEMETHOD`	Tell curl which method to use to reach a file on a FTP(S) server. Possible values are `CURLFTPMETHOD_MULTICWD`, `CURLFTPMETHOD_NOCWD` and `CURLFTPMETHOD_SINGLECWD`.	Added in cURL 7.15.1. Available since PHP 5.3.0.

value should be a string for the following values of the option parameter:

Option	Set `value` to	Notes
`CURLOPT_CAINFO`	The name of a file holding one or more certificates to verify the peer with. This only makes sense when used in combination with `CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER`.	Might require an absolute path.
`CURLOPT_CAPATH`	A directory that holds multiple CA certificates. Use this option alongside `CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER`.
`CURLOPT_COOKIE`	The contents of the "Cookie: " header to be used in the HTTP request. Note that multiple cookies are separated with a semicolon followed by a space (e.g., "fruit=apple; colour=red")
`CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE`	The name of the file containing the cookie data. The cookie file can be in Netscape format, or just plain HTTP-style headers dumped into a file. If the name is an empty string, no cookies are loaded, but cookie handling is still enabled.
`CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR`	The name of a file to save all internal cookies to when the handle is closed, e.g. after a call to curl_close.
`CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST`	A custom request method to use instead of "GET" or "HEAD" when doing a HTTP request. This is useful for doing "DELETE" or other, more obscure HTTP requests. Valid values are things like "GET", "POST", "CONNECT" and so on; i.e. Do not enter a whole HTTP request line here. For instance, entering "GET /index.html HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n" would be incorrect. Note: Don't do this without making sure the server supports the custom request method first.
`CURLOPT_DEFAULT_PROTOCOL`	The default protocol to use if the URL is missing a scheme name.	Added in cURL 7.45.0. Available since PHP 7.0.7.
`CURLOPT_DNS_INTERFACE`	Set the name of the network interface that the DNS resolver should bind to. This must be an interface name (not an address).	Added in cURL 7.33.0. Available since PHP 7.0.7.
`CURLOPT_DNS_LOCAL_IP4`	Set the local IPv4 address that the resolver should bind to. The argument should contain a single numerical IPv4 address as a string.	Added in cURL 7.33.0. Available since PHP 7.0.7.
`CURLOPT_DNS_LOCAL_IP6`	Set the local IPv6 address that the resolver should bind to. The argument should contain a single numerical IPv6 address as a string.	Added in cURL 7.33.0. Available since PHP 7.0.7.
`CURLOPT_EGDSOCKET`	Like `CURLOPT_RANDOM_FILE`, except a filename to an Entropy Gathering Daemon socket.
`CURLOPT_ENCODING`	The contents of the "Accept-Encoding: " header. This enables decoding of the response. Supported encodings are "identity", "deflate", and "gzip". If an empty string, "", is set, a header containing all supported encoding types is sent.	Added in cURL 7.10.
`CURLOPT_FTPPORT`	The value which will be used to get the IP address to use for the FTP "PORT" instruction. The "PORT" instruction tells the remote server to connect to our specified IP address. The string may be a plain IP address, a hostname, a network interface name (under Unix), or just a plain '-' to use the systems default IP address.
`CURLOPT_INTERFACE`	The name of the outgoing network interface to use. This can be an interface name, an IP address or a host name.
`CURLOPT_KEYPASSWD`	The password required to use the `CURLOPT_SSLKEY` or `CURLOPT_SSH_PRIVATE_KEYFILE` private key.	Added in cURL 7.16.1.
`CURLOPT_KRB4LEVEL`	The KRB4 (Kerberos 4) security level. Any of the following values (in order from least to most powerful) are valid: "clear", "safe", "confidential", "private".. If the string does not match one of these, "private" is used. Setting this option to `NULL` will disable KRB4 security. Currently KRB4 security only works with FTP transactions.
`CURLOPT_LOGIN_OPTIONS`	Can be used to set protocol specific login options, such as the preferred authentication mechanism via "AUTH=NTLM" or "AUTH=", and should be used in conjunction with the `CURLOPT_USERNAME`* option.	Added in cURL 7.34.0. Available since PHP 7.0.7.
`CURLOPT_PINNEDPUBLICKEY`	Set the pinned public key. The string can be the file name of your pinned public key. The file format expected is "PEM" or "DER". The string can also be any number of base64 encoded sha256 hashes preceded by "sha256//" and separated by ";".	Added in cURL 7.39.0. Available since PHP 7.0.7.
`CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS`	The full data to post in a HTTP "POST" operation. To post a file, prepend a filename with @ and use the full path. The filetype can be explicitly specified by following the filename with the type in the format ';type=mimetype'. This parameter can either be passed as a urlencoded string like 'para1=val1&para2=val2&...' or as an array with the field name as key and field data as value. If `value` is an array, the Content-Type header will be set to multipart/form-data. As of PHP 5.2.0, `value` must be an array if files are passed to this option with the @ prefix. As of PHP 5.5.0, the @ prefix is deprecated and files can be sent using CURLFile. The @ prefix can be disabled for safe passing of values beginning with @ by setting the `CURLOPT_SAFE_UPLOAD` option to `TRUE`.
`CURLOPT_PRIVATE`	Any data that should be associated with this cURL handle. This data can subsequently be retrieved with the `CURLINFO_PRIVATE` option of curl_getinfo(). cURL does nothing with this data. When using a cURL multi handle, this private data is typically a unique key to identify a standard cURL handle.	Added in cURL 7.10.3.
`CURLOPT_PROXY`	The HTTP proxy to tunnel requests through.
`CURLOPT_PROXY_SERVICE_NAME`	The proxy authentication service name.	Added in cURL 7.34.0. Available since PHP 7.0.7.
`CURLOPT_PROXYUSERPWD`	A username and password formatted as "[username]:[password]" to use for the connection to the proxy.
`CURLOPT_RANDOM_FILE`	A filename to be used to seed the random number generator for SSL.
`CURLOPT_RANGE`	Range(s) of data to retrieve in the format "X-Y" where X or Y are optional. HTTP transfers also support several intervals, separated with commas in the format "X-Y,N-M".
`CURLOPT_REFERER`	The contents of the "Referer: " header to be used in a HTTP request.
`CURLOPT_SERVICE_NAME`	The authentication service name.	Added in cURL 7.43.0. Available since PHP 7.0.7.
`CURLOPT_SSH_HOST_PUBLIC_KEY_MD5`	A string containing 32 hexadecimal digits. The string should be the MD5 checksum of the remote host's public key, and libcurl will reject the connection to the host unless the md5sums match. This option is only for SCP and SFTP transfers.	Added in cURL 7.17.1.
`CURLOPT_SSH_PUBLIC_KEYFILE`	The file name for your public key. If not used, libcurl defaults to $HOME/.ssh/id_dsa.pub if the HOME environment variable is set, and just "id_dsa.pub" in the current directory if HOME is not set.	Added in cURL 7.16.1.
`CURLOPT_SSH_PRIVATE_KEYFILE`	The file name for your private key. If not used, libcurl defaults to $HOME/.ssh/id_dsa if the HOME environment variable is set, and just "id_dsa" in the current directory if HOME is not set. If the file is password-protected, set the password with `CURLOPT_KEYPASSWD`.	Added in cURL 7.16.1.
`CURLOPT_SSL_CIPHER_LIST`	A list of ciphers to use for SSL. For example, RC4-SHA and TLSv1 are valid cipher lists.
`CURLOPT_SSLCERT`	The name of a file containing a PEM formatted certificate.
`CURLOPT_SSLCERTPASSWD`	The password required to use the `CURLOPT_SSLCERT` certificate.
`CURLOPT_SSLCERTTYPE`	The format of the certificate. Supported formats are "PEM" (default), "DER", and "ENG".	Added in cURL 7.9.3.
`CURLOPT_SSLENGINE`	The identifier for the crypto engine of the private SSL key specified in `CURLOPT_SSLKEY`.
`CURLOPT_SSLENGINE_DEFAULT`	The identifier for the crypto engine used for asymmetric crypto operations.
`CURLOPT_SSLKEY`	The name of a file containing a private SSL key.
`CURLOPT_SSLKEYPASSWD`	The secret password needed to use the private SSL key specified in `CURLOPT_SSLKEY`. Note: Since this option contains a sensitive password, remember to keep the PHP script it is contained within safe.
`CURLOPT_SSLKEYTYPE`	The key type of the private SSL key specified in `CURLOPT_SSLKEY`. Supported key types are "PEM" (default), "DER", and "ENG".
`CURLOPT_UNIX_SOCKET_PATH`	Enables the use of Unix domain sockets as connection endpoint and sets the path to the given string.	Added in cURL 7.40.0. Available since PHP 7.0.7.
`CURLOPT_URL`	The URL to fetch. This can also be set when initializing a session with curl_init().
`CURLOPT_USERAGENT`	The contents of the "User-Agent: " header to be used in a HTTP request.
`CURLOPT_USERNAME`	The user name to use in authentication.	Added in cURL 7.19.1. Available since PHP 5.5.0.
`CURLOPT_USERPWD`	A username and password formatted as "[username]:[password]" to use for the connection.
`CURLOPT_XOAUTH2_BEARER`	Specifies the OAuth 2.0 access token.	Added in cURL 7.33.0. Available since PHP 7.0.7.

value should be an array for the following values of the option parameter:

Option	Set `value` to	Notes
`CURLOPT_CONNECT_TO`	Connect to a specific host and port instead of the URL's host and port. Accepts an array of strings with the format HOST:PORT:CONNECT-TO-HOST:CONNECT-TO-PORT.	Added in cURL 7.49.0. Available since PHP 7.0.7.
`CURLOPT_HTTP200ALIASES`	An array of HTTP 200 responses that will be treated as valid responses and not as errors.	Added in cURL 7.10.3.
`CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER`	An array of HTTP header fields to set, in the format `array('Content-type: text/plain', 'Content-length: 100')`
`CURLOPT_POSTQUOTE`	An array of FTP commands to execute on the server after the FTP request has been performed.
`CURLOPT_PROXYHEADER`	An array of custom HTTP headers to pass to proxies.	Added in cURL 7.37.0. Available since PHP 7.0.7.
`CURLOPT_QUOTE`	An array of FTP commands to execute on the server prior to the FTP request.

value should be a stream resource (using fopen(), for example) for the following values of the option parameter:

Option	Set `value` to
`CURLOPT_FILE`	The file that the transfer should be written to. The default is STDOUT (the browser window).
`CURLOPT_INFILE`	The file that the transfer should be read from when uploading.
`CURLOPT_STDERR`	An alternative location to output errors to instead of STDERR.
`CURLOPT_WRITEHEADER`	The file that the header part of the transfer is written to.

value should be the name of a valid function or a Closure for the following values of the option parameter:

Option	Set `value` to
`CURLOPT_HEADERFUNCTION`	A callback accepting two parameters. The first is the cURL resource, the second is a string with the header data to be written. The header data must be written by this callback. Return the number of bytes written.
`CURLOPT_PASSWDFUNCTION`	A callback accepting three parameters. The first is the cURL resource, the second is a string containing a password prompt, and the third is the maximum password length. Return the string containing the password.
`CURLOPT_PROGRESSFUNCTION`	A callback accepting five parameters. The first is the cURL resource, the second is the total number of bytes expected to be downloaded in this transfer, the third is the number of bytes downloaded so far, the fourth is the total number of bytes expected to be uploaded in this transfer, and the fifth is the number of bytes uploaded so far. Note: The callback is only called when the `CURLOPT_NOPROGRESS` option is set to `FALSE`. Return a non-zero value to abort the transfer. In which case, the transfer will set a `CURLE_ABORTED_BY_CALLBACK` error.
`CURLOPT_READFUNCTION`	A callback accepting three parameters. The first is the cURL resource, the second is a stream resource provided to cURL through the option `CURLOPT_INFILE`, and the third is the maximum amount of data to be read. The callback must return a string with a length equal or smaller than the amount of data requested, typically by reading it from the passed stream resource. It should return an empty string to signal EOF.
`CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION`	A callback accepting two parameters. The first is the cURL resource, and the second is a string with the data to be written. The data must be saved by this callback. It must return the exact number of bytes written or the transfer will be aborted with an error.

Other values:

Option	Set `value` to
`CURLOPT_SHARE`	A result of curl_share_init(). Makes the cURL handle to use the data from the shared handle.

반환값

성공 시 TRUE를, 실패 시 FALSE를 반환합니다.

변경점

버전	설명
7.0.7	Introduced `CURL_HTTP_VERSION_2`, `CURL_HTTP_VERSION_2_PRIOR_KNOWLEDGE`, `CURL_HTTP_VERSION_2TLS`, `CURL_REDIR_POST_301`, `CURL_REDIR_POST_302`, `CURL_REDIR_POST_303`, `CURL_REDIR_POST_ALL`, `CURL_VERSION_KERBEROS5`, `CURL_VERSION_PSL`, `CURL_VERSION_UNIX_SOCKETS`, `CURLAUTH_NEGOTIATE`, `CURLAUTH_NTLM_WB`, `CURLFTP_CREATE_DIR`, `CURLFTP_CREATE_DIR_NONE`, `CURLFTP_CREATE_DIR_RETRY`, `CURLHEADER_SEPARATE`, `CURLHEADER_UNIFIED`, `CURLMOPT_CHUNK_LENGTH_PENALTY_SIZE`, `CURLMOPT_CONTENT_LENGTH_PENALTY_SIZE`, `CURLMOPT_MAX_HOST_CONNECTIONS`, `CURLMOPT_MAX_PIPELINE_LENGTH`, `CURLMOPT_MAX_TOTAL_CONNECTIONS`, `CURLOPT_CONNECT_TO`, `CURLOPT_DEFAULT_PROTOCOL`, `CURLOPT_DNS_INTERFACE`, `CURLOPT_DNS_LOCAL_IP4`, `CURLOPT_DNS_LOCAL_IP6`, `CURLOPT_EXPECT_100_TIMEOUT_MS`, `CURLOPT_HEADEROPT`, `CURLOPT_LOGIN_OPTIONS`, `CURLOPT_PATH_AS_IS`, `CURLOPT_PINNEDPUBLICKEY`, `CURLOPT_PIPEWAIT`, `CURLOPT_PROXY_SERVICE_NAME`, `CURLOPT_PROXYHEADER`, `CURLOPT_SASL_IR`, `CURLOPT_SERVICE_NAME`, `CURLOPT_SSL_ENABLE_ALPN`, `CURLOPT_SSL_ENABLE_NPN`, `CURLOPT_SSL_FALSESTART`, `CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYSTATUS`, `CURLOPT_STREAM_WEIGHT`, `CURLOPT_TCP_FASTOPEN`, `CURLOPT_TFTP_NO_OPTIONS`, `CURLOPT_UNIX_SOCKET_PATH`, `CURLOPT_XOAUTH2_BEARER`, `CURLPROTO_SMB`, `CURLPROTO_SMBS`, `CURLPROXY_HTTP_1_0`, `CURLSSH_AUTH_AGENT` and `CURLSSLOPT_NO_REVOKE`.
5.6.0	`CURLOPT_SAFE_UPLOAD` is now `TRUE` by default.
5.6.0	Removed `CURLOPT_CLOSEPOLICY` and associated values.
5.5.0	Added the cURL resource as the first argument to the `CURLOPT_PROGRESSFUNCTION` callback.
5.5.0	Introduced `CURLOPT_SHARE`.
5.3.0	Introduced `CURLOPT_PROGRESSFUNCTION`.
5.2.10	Introduced `CURLOPT_PROTOCOLS`, and `CURLOPT_REDIR_PROTOCOLS`.
5.2.4	Introduced `CURLOPT_PRIVATE`.
5.1.0	Introduced `CURLOPT_AUTOREFERER`, `CURLOPT_BINARYTRANSFER`, `CURLOPT_FTPSSLAUTH`, `CURLOPT_PROXYAUTH`, and `CURLOPT_TIMECONDITION`.
5.0.0	Introduced `CURLOPT_FTP_USE_EPRT`, `CURLOPT_NOSIGNAL`, `CURLOPT_UNRESTRICTED_AUTH`, `CURLOPT_BUFFERSIZE`, `CURLOPT_HTTPAUTH`, `CURLOPT_PROXYPORT`, `CURLOPT_PROXYTYPE`, `CURLOPT_SSLCERTTYPE`, and `CURLOPT_HTTP200ALIASES`.

예제

Example #1 Initializing a new cURL session and fetching a web page


<?php
// create a new cURL resource
$ch = curl_init();

// set URL and other appropriate options
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "http://www.example.com/");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, false);

// grab URL and pass it to the browser
curl_exec($ch);

// close cURL resource, and free up system resources
curl_close($ch);
?>

Example #2 Uploading file (deprecated as of PHP 5.5.0)


<?php

/* http://localhost/upload.php:
print_r($_POST);
print_r($_FILES);
*/

$ch = curl_init();

$data = array('name' => 'Foo', 'file' => '@/home/user/test.png');

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, 'http://localhost/upload.php');
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SAFE_UPLOAD, false); // required as of PHP 5.6.0
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);

curl_exec($ch);
?>

위 예제의 출력:

Array
(
    [name] => Foo
)
Array
(
    [file] => Array
        (
            [name] => test.png
            [type] => image/png
            [tmp_name] => /tmp/phpcpjNeQ
            [error] => 0
            [size] => 279
        )

)

주의

Note:
Passing an array to CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS will encode the data as multipart/form-data, while passing a URL-encoded string will encode the data as application/x-www-form-urlencoded.

참고

curl_setopt_array() - Set multiple options for a cURL transfer

add a note

User Contributed Notes 69 notes

down

221

rmckay at webaware dot com dot au ¶

12 years ago


Please everyone, stop setting CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER to false or 0. If your PHP installation doesn't have an up-to-date CA root certificate bundle, download the one at the curl website and save it on your server:

http://curl.haxx.se/docs/caextract.html

Then set a path to it in your php.ini file, e.g. on Windows:

curl.cainfo=c:\php\cacert.pem

Turning off CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER allows man in the middle (MITM) attacks, which you don't want!

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joey ¶

8 years ago


It is important that anyone working with cURL and PHP keep in mind that not all of the CURLOPT and CURLINFO constants are documented. I always recommend reading the cURL documentation directly as it sometimes contains better information. The cURL API in tends to be fubar as well so do not expect things to be where you would normally logically look for them.

curl is especially difficult to work with when it comes to cookies. So I will talk about what I found with PHP 5.6 and curl 7.26.

If you want to manage cookies in memory without using files including reading, writing and clearing custom cookies then continue reading.

To start with, the way to enable in memory only cookies associated with a cURL handle you should use:

    curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, "");

cURL likes to use magic strings in options as special commands. Rather than having an option to enable the cookie engine in memory it uses a magic string to do that. Although vaguely the documentation here mentions this however most people like me wouldn't even read that because a COOKIEFILE is the complete opposite of what we want.

To get the cookies for a curl handle you can use:

    curl_getinfo($curl, CURLINFO_COOKIELIST);

This will give an array containing a string for each cookie. It is tab delimited and unfortunately you will have to parse it yourself if you want to do anything beyond copying the cookies.

To clear the in memory cookies for a cURL handle you can use:

    curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_COOKIELIST, "ALL");

This is a magic string. There are others in the cURL documentation. If a magic string isn't used, this field should take a cookie in the same string format as in getinfo for the cookielist constant. This can be used to delete individual cookies although it's not the most elegant API for doing so.

For copying cookies I recommend using curl_share_init.

You can also copy cookies from one handle to another like so:

    foreach(curl_getinfo($curl_a, CURLINFO_COOKIELIST) as $cookie_line)
        curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_COOKIELIST, $cookie_line);

An inelegant way to delete a cookie would be to skip the one you don't want. 

I only recommend using COOKIELIST with magic strings because the cookie format is not secure or stable. You can inject tabs into at least path and name so it becomes impossible to parse reliably. If you must parse this then to keep it secure I recommend prohibiting more than 6 tabs in the content which probably isn't a big loss to most people.

A the absolute minimum for validation I would suggest:

    /^([^\t]+\t){5}[^\t]+$/D

Here is the format:

    #define SEP  "\t"  /* Tab separates the fields */
 
    char *my_cookie =
      "example.com"    /* Hostname */
      SEP "FALSE"      /* Include subdomains */
      SEP "/"          /* Path */
      SEP "FALSE"      /* Secure */
      SEP "0"          /* Expiry in epoch time format. 0 == Session */
      SEP "foo"        /* Name */
      SEP "bar";       /* Value */

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ashw1 - at - no spam - post - dot - cz ¶

17 years ago


In case you wonder how come, that cookies don't work under Windows, I've googled for some answers, and here is the result: Under WIN you need to input absolute path of the cookie file.



This piece of code solves it:



<?php



if ($cookies != '')

    {

    if (substr(PHP_OS, 0, 3) == 'WIN')

        {$cookies = str_replace('\\','/', getcwd().'/'.$cookies);}

    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, $cookies);

    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, $cookies);

    }



?>

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Steve Kamerman ¶

13 years ago


If you want cURL to timeout in less than one second, you can use CURLOPT_TIMEOUT_MS, although there is a bug/"feature"  on "Unix-like systems" that causes libcurl to timeout immediately if the value is < 1000 ms with the error "cURL Error (28): Timeout was reached".  The explanation for this behavior is:

"If libcurl is built to use the standard system name resolver, that portion of the transfer will still use full-second resolution for timeouts with a minimum timeout allowed of one second."

What this means to PHP developers is "You can use this function without testing it first, because you can't tell if libcurl is using the standard system name resolver (but you can be pretty sure it is)"

The problem is that on (Li|U)nix, when libcurl uses the standard name resolver, a SIGALRM is raised during name resolution which libcurl thinks is the timeout alarm.

The solution is to disable signals using CURLOPT_NOSIGNAL.  Here's an example script that requests itself causing a 10-second delay so you can test timeouts:

<?php
if (!isset($_GET['foo'])) {
        // Client
        $ch = curl_init('http://localhost/test/test_timeout.php?foo=bar');
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_NOSIGNAL, 1);
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT_MS, 200);
        $data = curl_exec($ch);
        $curl_errno = curl_errno($ch);
        $curl_error = curl_error($ch);
        curl_close($ch);

        if ($curl_errno > 0) {
                echo "cURL Error ($curl_errno): $curl_error\n";
        } else {
                echo "Data received: $data\n";
        }
} else {
        // Server
        sleep(10);
        echo "Done.";
}
?>

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JScott jscott401 at gmail dot com ¶

14 years ago


Some additional notes for curlopt_writefunction. I struggled with this at first because it really isn't documented very well.

When you write a callback function and use it with curlopt_writefunction it will be called MULTIPLE times. Your function MUST return the ammount of data written to it each time. It is very picky about this. Here is a snippet from my code that may help you

<?php
curl_setopt($this->curl_handle, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, array($this, "receiveResponse"));

// later on in the class I wrote my receive Response method

private function receiveResponse($curlHandle,$xmldata)
                {
                        $this->responseString = $xmldata;
                        $this->responseXML .=  $this->responseString;
                        $this->length = strlen($xmldata);
                        $this->size += $this->length;
                        return $this->length;

                }
?>

Now I did this for a class. If you aren't doing OOP then you will obviously need to modify this for your own use.

CURL calls your script MULTIPLE times because the data will not always be sent all at once. Were talking internet here so its broken up into packets. You need to take your data and concatenate it all together until it is all written. I was about to pull my damn hair out because I would get broken chunks of XML back from the server and at random lengths. I finally figured out what was going on. Hope this helps

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cmatiasvillanueva at gmail dot com ¶

7 years ago


What is not mentioned in the documentation is that if you want to set  a local-port or local-port-range to establish a connection is possible by adding   CURLOPT_LOCALPORT and CURLOPT_LOCALPORTRANGE options.   

Ex:
$conn=curl_init ('example.com');
curl_setopt($conn, CURLOPT_LOCALPORT, 35000);
curl_setopt($conn, CURLOPT_LOCALPORTRANGE, 200);

CURLOPT_LOCALPORT: This sets the local port number of the socket used for the connection.

CURLOPT_LOCALPORTRANGE:  The range argument is the number of attempts libcurl will make to find a working local port number. It starts with the given CURLOPT_LOCALPORT and adds one to the number for each retry. Setting this option to 1 or below will make libcurl do only one try for the exact port number.

Interface can be also configured using CURLOPT_INTERFACE:

Ex:

curl_setopt($conn,  CURLOPT_INTERFACE, "eth1");

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Philippe dot Jausions at 11abacus dot com ¶

18 years ago


Clarification on the callback methods:

- CURLOPT_HEADERFUNCTION is for handling header lines received *in the response*,
- CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION is for handling data received *from the response*,
- CURLOPT_READFUNCTION is for handling data passed along *in the request*.

The callback "string" can be any callable function, that includes the array(&$obj, 'someMethodName') format.

 -Philippe

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mw+php dot net at lw-systems dot de ¶

12 years ago


The description of the use of the CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS option should be emphasize, that using POST with HTTP/1.1 with cURL implies the use of a "Expect: 100-continue" header. Some web servers will not understand the handling of chunked transfer of post data.

To disable this behavior one must disable the use of the "Expect:" header with

    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER,array("Expect:"));

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Ed Cradock ¶

14 years ago


PUT requests are very simple, just make sure to specify a content-length header and set post fields as a string.



Example:



<?php

function doPut($url, $fields)

{

   $fields = (is_array($fields)) ? http_build_query($fields) : $fields;



   if($ch = curl_init($url))

   {

      curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, 'PUT');

      curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);

      curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array('Content-Length: ' . strlen($fields)));

      curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $fields);

      curl_exec($ch);



      $status = curl_getinfo($ch, CURLINFO_HTTP_CODE);



      curl_close($ch);



      return (int) $status;

   }

   else

   {

      return false;

   }

}



if(doPut('http://example.com/api/a/b/c', array('foo' => 'bar')) == 200)

   // do something

else

   // do something else.

?>



You can grab the request data on the other side with:



<?php

if($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'PUT')

{

   parse_str(file_get_contents('php://input'), $requestData);



   // Array ( [foo] => bar )

   print_r($requestData);



   // Do something with data...

}

?>



DELETE  can be done in exactly the same way.

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Victor Jerlin ¶

15 years ago


Seems like some options not mentioned on this page, but listed on http://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/c/curl_easy_setopt.html is actually supported.

I was happy to see that I could actually use CURLOPT_FTP_CREATE_MISSING_DIRS even from PHP.

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sgamon at yahoo dot com ¶

16 years ago


If you are doing a POST, and the content length is 1,025 or greater, then curl exploits a feature of http 1.1: 100 (Continue) Status.

See http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec8.html#sec8.2.3

* it adds a header, "Expect: 100-continue".  
* it then sends the request head, waits for a 100 response code, then sends the content 

Not all web servers support this though.  Various errors are returned depending on the server.  If this happens to you, suppress the "Expect" header with this command:

<?php
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array('Expect:'));
?>

See http://www.gnegg.ch/2007/02/the-return-of-except-100-continue/

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dweingart at pobox dot com ¶

21 years ago


If you want to Curl to follow redirects and you would also like Curl to echo back any cookies that are set in the process, use this:



<?php curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, '-'); ?>



'-' means stdout



-dw

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Chris at PureFormSolutions dot com ¶

15 years ago


I've found that setting CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER more than once will clear out any headers you've set previously with CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER.

Consider the following:
<?php
    # ...

    curl_setopt($cURL,CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER,array (
        "Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8",
        "Expect: 100-continue"
    ));

    # ... do some other stuff ...

    curl_setopt($cURL,CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER,array (
        "Accept: application/json"
    ));

    # ...
?>

Both the Content-Type and Expect I set will not be in the outgoing headers, but Accept will.

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joelhy ¶

8 years ago


Please notice that CURLINFO_HEADER_OUT and CURLOPT_VERBOSE option does not work together:
"When CURLINFO_HEADER_OUT is set to TRUE than CURLOPT_VERBOSE does not work."(from https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=65348). 
This took me an hour or two to figure it out.

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luca dot manzo at bbsitalia dot com ¶

18 years ago


If you're getting trouble with cookie handling in curl: 



- curl manages tranparently cookies in a single curl session

- the option 

<?php curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, "/tmp/cookieFileName"); ?>



makes curl to store the cookies in a file at the and of the curl session



- the option 

<?php curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, "/tmp/cookieFileName"); ?>



makes curl to use the given file as source for the cookies to send to the server. 



so to handle correctly cookies between different curl session, the you have to do something like this:



<?php

       $ch = curl_init(); 

       curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url); 

       curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, COOKIE_FILE_PATH);

       curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, COOKIE_FILE_PATH);



       curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1); 

       $result = curl_exec ($ch);

       curl_close($ch);

       return $result;

?>



in particular this is NECESSARY if you are using PEAR_SOAP libraries to build a webservice client over https and the remote server need to establish a session cookie. in fact each soap message is sent using a different curl session!!



I hope this can help someone

Luca

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qwertz182 ¶

4 years ago


As the "example #2 Uploading file" says it is deprecated as of PHP 5.5.0 but doesn't tell you how it's done right,
here is a really easy example using the CURLFile class:

<?php
$request = [
    'firstName' => 'John',
    'lastName' => 'Doe',
    'file' => new CURLFile('example.txt', 'text/plain') // or use curl_file_create()
];

$curlOptions = [
    CURLOPT_URL => 'http://example.com/upload.php',
    CURLOPT_POST => true,
    CURLOPT_HEADER => false,
    CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER => true,
    CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS => $request,
];

$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt_array($ch, $curlOptions);

$response = curl_exec($ch);
?>

This is just like posting a html form with an input[type=file] field.
The result on windows could look like this:

<?php
// $_POST
Array
(
    [firstName] => John
    [lastName] => Doe
)

// $_FILES
Array
(
    [file] => Array
        (
            [name] => example.txt
            [type] => text/plain
            [tmp_name] => C:\wamp64\tmp\php3016.tmp
            [error] => 0
            [size] => 14
        )

)
?>

Since the request is an array (and not a string), curl will automatically encode the data as "multipart/form-data".
Please be aware that if you pass an invalid file path to CURLFile, setting the CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS option will fail.
So if you are using curl_setopt_array for setting the options at once, according to the manual, "If an option could not be successfully set, FALSE is immediately returned, ignoring any future options in the options array.".
So you should make sure that the file exists or set CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS with curl_setopt() and check if it returns false and act accordingly.

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yann dot corno at free dot fr ¶

22 years ago


About the CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER option, it took me some time to figure out how to format the so-called 'Array'. It fact, it is a list of strings. If Curl was already defining a header item, yours will replace it. Here is an example to change the Content Type in a POST:



<?php curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, Array("Content-Type: text/xml")); ?>



Yann

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anderseta at gmail dot com ¶

14 years ago


If you wish to find the size of the file you are streaming and use it as your header this is how:



<?php



function write_function($curl_resource, $string)

{

    if(curl_getinfo($curl_resource, CURLINFO_SIZE_DOWNLOAD) <= 2000)

    {

        header('Expires: 0');

        header('Cache-Control: must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0');

        header('Pragma: public');

        header('Content-Description: File Transfer');

        header("Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary");

        header("Content-Type: ".curl_getinfo($curl_resource, CURLINFO_CONTENT_TYPE)."");

        header("Content-Length: ".curl_getinfo($curl_resource, CURLINFO_CONTENT_LENGTH_DOWNLOAD)."");

    }

    

    print $string;



    return mb_strlen($string, '8bit');

}



?>



1440 is the the default number of bytes curl will call the write function (BUFFERSIZE does not affect this, i actually think you can not change this value), so it means the headers are going to be set only one time.



write_function must return the exact number of bytes of the string, so you can return a value with mb_strlen.

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badman ¶

11 years ago


Many hosters use PHP safe_mode or/and open_basedir, so you can't use CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION. If you try, you see message like this:
CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION cannot be activated when safe_mode is enabled or an open_basedir is set in [you script name & path] on line XXX

First, I try to use zsalab function (http://us2.php.net/manual/en/function.curl-setopt.php#102121) from this page, but for some reason it did not work properly. So, I wrote my own.

It can be use instead of curl_exec. If server HTTP response codes is 30x, function will forward the request as long as the response is not different from 30x (for example, 200 Ok). Also you can use POST.

function curlExec(/* Array */$curlOptions='', /* Array */$curlHeaders='', /* Array */$postFields='')
{
  $newUrl = '';
  $maxRedirection = 10;
  do
  {
    if ($maxRedirection<1) die('Error: reached the limit of redirections');

    $ch = curl_init();
    if (!empty($curlOptions)) curl_setopt_array($ch, $curlOptions);
    if (!empty($curlHeaders)) curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $curlHeaders);
    if (!empty($postFields))
    {
      curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
      curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $postFields);
    }
    
    if (!empty($newUrl)) curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $newUrl); // redirect needed
    
    $curlResult = curl_exec($ch);
    $code = curl_getinfo($ch, CURLINFO_HTTP_CODE);

    if ($code == 301 || $code == 302 || $code == 303 || $code == 307)
    {
      preg_match('/Location:(.*?)\n/', $curlResult, $matches);
      $newUrl = trim(array_pop($matches));
      curl_close($ch);

      $maxRedirection--;
      continue;
    }
    else // no more redirection
    {
      $code = 0;
      curl_close($ch);
    }
  }
  while($code);
  return $curlResult;
}

down

jade dot skaggs at gmail dot com ¶

16 years ago


After much struggling, I managed to get a SOAP request requiring HTTP authentication to work.  Here's some source that will hopefully be useful to others. 



         <?php



         $credentials = "username:password";

         

         // Read the XML to send to the Web Service

         $request_file = "./SampleRequest.xml";

        $fh = fopen($request_file, 'r');

        $xml_data = fread($fh, filesize($request_file));

        fclose($fh);

                

        $url = "http://www.example.com/services/calculation";

        $page = "/services/calculation";

        $headers = array(

            "POST ".$page." HTTP/1.0",

            "Content-type: text/xml;charset=\"utf-8\"",

            "Accept: text/xml",

            "Cache-Control: no-cache",

            "Pragma: no-cache",

            "SOAPAction: \"run\"",

            "Content-length: ".strlen($xml_data),

            "Authorization: Basic " . base64_encode($credentials)

        );

       

        $ch = curl_init();

        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL,$url);

        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);

        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 60);

        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);

        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_USERAGENT, $defined_vars['HTTP_USER_AGENT']);

        

        // Apply the XML to our curl call

        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1);

        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $xml_data); 



        $data = curl_exec($ch); 



        if (curl_errno($ch)) {

            print "Error: " . curl_error($ch);

        } else {

            // Show me the result

            var_dump($data);

            curl_close($ch);

        }



?>

down

jancister at gmail dot com ¶

9 years ago


Please note that if you want to handle progress using CURLOPT_PROGRESSFUNCTION option, you need to take into consideration what version of PHP are you using. Since version 5.5.0, compatibility-breaking change was introduced in number/order of the arguments passed to the callback function, and cURL resource is now passed as first argument.

Prior to version 5.5.0:
<?php
// ...
curl_setopt($resource, CURLOPT_PROGRESSFUNCTION, 'progressCallback');
curl_setopt($resource, CURLOPT_NOPROGRESS, false);
// ...
function progressCallback($download_size = 0, $downloaded = 0, $upload_size = 0, $uploaded = 0)
{
    // Handle progress
}
?>

From version 5.5.0:
<?php
// ...
curl_setopt($resource, CURLOPT_PROGRESSFUNCTION, 'progressCallback');
curl_setopt($resource, CURLOPT_NOPROGRESS, false);
// ...
function progressCallback($resource, $download_size = 0, $downloaded = 0, $upload_size = 0, $uploaded = 0)
{
    // Handle progress
}
?>

However, if your code needs to be compatible with PHP version both before and after 5.5.0, consider adding a version check:
<?php
// ...
curl_setopt($resource, CURLOPT_PROGRESSFUNCTION, 'progressCallback');
curl_setopt($resource, CURLOPT_NOPROGRESS, false);
// ...
function progressCallback($resource, $download_size = 0, $downloaded = 0, $upload_size = 0, $uploaded = 0)
{
   /**
    * $resource parameter was added in version 5.5.0 breaking backwards compatibility;
    * if we are using PHP version lower than 5.5.0, we need to shift the arguments
    * @see http://php.net/manual/en/function.curl-setopt.php#refsect1-function.curl-setopt-changelog
    */
    if (version_compare(PHP_VERSION, '5.5.0') < 0) {
        $uploaded = $upload_size;
        $upload_size = $downloaded;
        $downloaded = $download_size;
        $download_size = $resource;
    }

    // Handle progress
}
?>

down

joeterranova at gmail dot com ¶

14 years ago


It appears that setting CURLOPT_FILE before setting CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER doesn't work, presumably because CURLOPT_FILE depends on CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER being set.



So do this:



<?php

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FILE, $fp);

?>



not this:



<?php

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FILE, $fp);

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);

?>

down

skyogre __at__ yandex __dot__ ru ¶

18 years ago


There is really a problem of transmitting $_POST data with curl in php 4+ at least.
I improved the encoding function by Alejandro Moreno to work properly with mulltidimensional arrays.

<?php
function data_encode($data, $keyprefix = "", $keypostfix = "") {
  assert( is_array($data) );
  $vars=null;
  foreach($data as $key=>$value) {
    if(is_array($value)) $vars .= data_encode($value, $keyprefix.$key.$keypostfix.urlencode("["), urlencode("]"));
    else $vars .= $keyprefix.$key.$keypostfix."=".urlencode($value)."&";
  }
  return $vars;
}

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, substr(data_encode($_POST), 0, -1) );

?>

down

fnjordy at gmail dot com ¶

15 years ago


Note that CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER when used with CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION has effectively three settings: default, true, and false.

default - callbacks will be called as expected.
true - content will be returned but callback function will not be called.
false - content will be output and callback function will not be called.

Note that CURLOPT_HEADERFUNCTION callbacks are always called.

down

juozaspo at gmail dot com ¶

12 years ago


I've created an example that gets the file on url passed to script and outputs it to the browser. 

<?php
//get the file (e.g. image) and output it to the browser
$ch = curl_init(); //open curl handle
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $_GET['url']); //set an url
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1); //do not output directly, use variable
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_BINARYTRANSFER, 1); //do a binary transfer
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FAILONERROR, 1); //stop if an error occurred
$file=curl_exec($ch); //store the content in variable
if(!curl_errno($ch))
{
    //send out headers and output
    header ("Content-type: ".curl_getinfo($ch, CURLINFO_CONTENT_TYPE)."");
    header ("Content-Length: ".curl_getinfo($ch, CURLINFO_CONTENT_LENGTH_DOWNLOAD)."");
    echo $file;
} else echo 'Curl error: ' . curl_error($ch);
curl_close($ch); //close curl handle
?>

p.s. Make sure that there're no new lines before and after code or script may not work.

down

Joey Hewitt ¶

12 years ago


Note that if you put a certificate chain in a PEM file, the certificates need to be ordered so that each certificate is followed by its issuer (i.e., root last.)

Source: http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/tividd/td/ITIM/SC32-1493-00/en_US/HTML/im451_config09.htm

down

PHP at RHaworth dot net ¶

13 years ago


When CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION and CURLOPT_HEADER are both true and redirect/s have happened then the header returned by curl_exec() will contain all the headers in the redirect chain in the order they were encountered.

down

Dustin Hawkins ¶

18 years ago


To further expand upon use of CURLOPT_CAPATH and CURLOPT_CAINFO...

In my case I wanted to prevent curl from talking to any HTTPS server except my own using a self signed certificate. To do this, you'll need openssl installed and access to the HTTPS Server Certificate (server.crt by default on apache)

You can then use a command simiar to this to translate your apache certificate into one that curl likes.

$ openssl x509 -in server.crt -out outcert.pem -text

Then set CURLOPT_CAINFO equal to the the full path to outcert.pem and turn on CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER.

If you want to use the CURLOPT_CAPATH option, you should create a directory for all the valid certificates you have created, then use the c_rehash script that is included with openssl to "prepare" the directory.

If you dont use the c_rehash utility, curl will ignore any file in the directory you set.

down

saidk at phirebranding dot com ¶

16 years ago


Passing in PHP's $_SESSION into your cURL call:



<?php

session_start();

$strCookie = 'PHPSESSID=' . $_COOKIE['PHPSESSID'] . '; path=/';

session_write_close();



$curl_handle = curl_init('enter_external_url_here');

curl_setopt( $curl_handle, CURLOPT_COOKIE, $strCookie );

curl_exec($curl_handle);

curl_close($curl_handle);

?>



This worked great for me.  I was calling pages from the same server and needed to keep the $_SESSION variables.  This passes them over.  If you want to test, just print_r($_SESSION);



Enjoy!

down

Martin K. ¶

10 years ago


If you only want to enable cookie handling and you don't need to save the cookies for a separate session, just set CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE to an empty string.  I was given the advice to use php://memory but that did not seem to have the same effect.

Although this is stated in the documentation I thought it was worth reiterating since it cause me so much trouble.

down

Ojas Ojasvi ¶

17 years ago


<?php

/*

* Author: Ojas Ojasvi

* Released: September 25, 2007

* Description: An example of the disguise_curl() function in order to grab contents from a website while remaining fully camouflaged by using a fake user agent and fake headers.

*/



$url = 'http://www.php.net';



// disguises the curl using fake headers and a fake user agent.

function disguise_curl($url)

{

  $curl = curl_init();



  // Setup headers - I used the same headers from Firefox version 2.0.0.6

  // below was split up because php.net said the line was too long. :/

  $header[0] = "Accept: text/xml,application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,";

  $header[0] .= "text/html;q=0.9,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5";

  $header[] = "Cache-Control: max-age=0";

  $header[] = "Connection: keep-alive";

  $header[] = "Keep-Alive: 300";

  $header[] = "Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7";

  $header[] = "Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5";

  $header[] = "Pragma: "; // browsers keep this blank.



  curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, $url);

  curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_USERAGENT, 'Googlebot/2.1 (+http://www.google.com/bot.html)');

  curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $header);

  curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_REFERER, 'http://www.google.com');

  curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_ENCODING, 'gzip,deflate');

  curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_AUTOREFERER, true);

  curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);

  curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 10);



  $html = curl_exec($curl); // execute the curl command

  curl_close($curl); // close the connection



  return $html; // and finally, return $html

}



// uses the function and displays the text off the website

$text = disguise_curl($url);

echo $text;

?>



Ojas Ojasvi

down

Aaron Wells ¶

10 years ago


If you use cURL to fetch user-supplied URLs (for instance, in a web-based RSS aggregator), be aware of the risk of server-side request forgery (SSRF). This is an attack where the user takes advantage of the fact that cURL requests are sent from the web server itself, to reach network locations they wouldn't be able to reach from outside the network.

For instance, they could enter a "http://localhost" URL, and access things on the web server via "localhost". Or, "ftp://localhost". cURL supports a lot of protocols!

If you are using CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, the malicious URL could be in a redirect from the original request. cURL also will follow redirect headers to other protocols! (303 See Other; Location: ftp://localhost).

So if you're using cURL with user-supplied URLs, at the very least use CURLOPT_PROTOCOLS (which also sets CURLOPT_REDIR_PROTOCOLS), and either disable CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION or use the "SafeCurl" library to safely follow redirects.

down

mr at coder dot tv ¶

18 years ago


Sometimes you can't use CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR and CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE becoz of the server php-settings(They say u may grab any files from server using these options). Here is the solution
1)Don't use CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION
2)Use curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 1)
3)Grab from the header cookies like this:
preg_match_all('|Set-Cookie: (.*);|U', $content, $results);    
$cookies = implode(';', $results[1]);
4)Set them using curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_COOKIE,  $cookies);

Good Luck, Yevgen

down

eric dot van dot eldik at peercode dot nl ¶

6 years ago


When you get this error using a PUT request: "SSL read: error:00000000:lib(0):func(0):reason(0), errno 104")

It could be caused by:
<?php
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_PUT, TRUE);
?>

Instead try:
<?php
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "PUT");
?>

down

S\ ¶

13 years ago


When using CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS with an array as parameter, you have to pay high attention to user input. Unvalidated user input will lead to serious security issues.

<?php

/**
 * test.php:
 */
$ch = curl_init('http://example.com');

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, array(
    'foo' => $_GET['bar']
));

curl_exec($ch);

?>

Requesting "test.php?bar=@/home/user/test.png" will send "test.png" to example.com. 
Make sure you remove the leading "@" from user input.

down

clint at fewbar dot com ¶

14 years ago


If you have turned on conditional gets on a curl handle, and then for a subsequent request, you don't have a good setting for CURLOPT_TIMEVALUE , you can disable If-Modified-Since checking with:

<?php

$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $foo);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_TIMEVALUE, filemtime($foo_path));
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_TIMECONDITION, CURLOPT_TIMECOND_IFMODIFIEDSINCE);
curl_exec($ch);
// Reuse same curl handle
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $bar);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_TIMEVALUE, null); // don't know mtime
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_TIMECONDITION, 0); // set it to 0, turns it off
curl_exec($ch);

?>

down

gskluzacek at gmail dot com ¶

13 years ago


FYI... unless you specifically set the user agent, no user agent will be sent in your request as there is no default value like some of the other options.

As others have said, not sending a user agent may cause you to not  get the results that you expected, e.g., 0 byte length content, different content, etc.

down

rob at infoglobe dot net ¶

17 years ago


Options not included in the above, but that work (Taken from the libcurl.a C documentation)

CURLOPT_FTP_SSL 

Pass a long using one of the values from below, to make libcurl use your desired level of SSL for the ftp transfer. (Added in 7.11.0) 

CURLFTPSSL_NONE 

Don't attempt to use SSL. 

CURLFTPSSL_TRY 

Try using SSL, proceed as normal otherwise. 

CURLFTPSSL_CONTROL 

Require SSL for the control connection or fail with CURLE_FTP_SSL_FAILED. 

CURLFTPSSL_ALL 

Require SSL for all communication or fail with CURLE_FTP_SSL_FAILED.

down

ohcc at 163 dot com ¶

6 years ago


This is howto upload an existing file to an FTP server with cURL in PHP.

You should remember that CURLOPT_URL should contain the file's basename to save on the FTP server. For example, if you upload hello.txt to ftp://www.wuxiancheng.cn/text/, CURLOPT_URL should be ftp://www.wuxiancheng.cn/text/hello.txt rather than ftp://www.wuxiancheng.cn/text/, otherwise you will get an error message like "Uploading to a URL without a file name! " when you call curl_error();

<?php
    $ch = curl_init();
    $filepath = 'D:\Web\www\wuxiancheng.cn\hello.txt';
    $basename = pathInfo($filepath, PATHINFO_BASENAME);
    $filesize = fileSize($filepath);
    curl_setopt_array(
        $ch,
        array(
            CURLOPT_URL => 'ftp://www.wuxiancheng.cn/text/' . $basename,
            CURLOPT_USERPWD => 'USERNAME:PASSWORD',
            CURLOPT_PROTOCOLS => CURLPROTO_FTP,
            CURLOPT_UPLOAD => true,
            CURLOPT_INFILE => $filepath,
            CURLOPT_INFILESIZE => $filesize,
            CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER => true,
            CURLOPT_HEADER => false,
        )
    );
    curl_exec($ch);
    $message = curl_errno($ch) === CURLE_OK ? 'success' : 'failure';
    echo $message;
?>

down

Pawel Antczak ¶

14 years ago


Hello. 
During problems with "CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION cannot be activated when in safe_mode or an open_basedir is set" 
I was looking for solution. 
I've found few methods on this page, but none of them was good enough, so I made one.
<?php
function curl_redirect_exec($ch, &$redirects, $curlopt_header = false) {
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, true);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
    $data = curl_exec($ch);
    $http_code = curl_getinfo($ch, CURLINFO_HTTP_CODE);
    if ($http_code == 301 || $http_code == 302) {
        list($header) = explode("\r\n\r\n", $data, 2);
        $matches = array();
        preg_match('/(Location:|URI:)(.*?)\n/', $header, $matches);
        $url = trim(array_pop($matches));
        $url_parsed = parse_url($url);
        if (isset($url_parsed)) {
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
            $redirects++;
            return curl_redirect_exec($ch, $redirects);
        }
    }
    if ($curlopt_header)
        return $data;
    else {
        list(,$body) = explode("\r\n\r\n", $data, 2);
        return $body;
    }
}
?>

Main issue in existing functions was lack of information, how many redirects was done. 
This one will count it. 
First parameter as usual. 
Second should be already initialized integer, it will be incremented by number of done redirects. 
You can set CURLOPT_HEADER if You need it.

down

michaeledwards.com ¶

19 years ago


Problems can occur if you mix CURLOPT_URL with a 'Host:' header in CURLOPT_HEADERS on redirects because cURL will combine the host you explicitly stated in the 'Host:' header with the host from the Location: header of the redirect response. 



In short, don't do this:



<?php

$host = "www.example.com";

$url = "http://$host/";



$headers = array("Host: $host");



$ch = curl_init();



curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);



Do this instead:



$host = "www.example.com";

$url = "http://$host/";



$ch = curl_init();



curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);

?>

down

regan dot corey at gmail dot com ¶

12 years ago


I spent a couple of days trying to POST a multi-dimensional array of form fields, including a file upload, to a remote server to update a product. Here are the breakthroughs that FINALLY allowed the script to run as desired.

Firstly, the HTML form used input names like these:
<input type="text" name="product[name]" />
<input type="text" name="product[cost]" />
<input type="file" name="product[thumbnail]" />
in conjunction with two other form inputs not part of the product array
<input type="text" name="method" value="put" />
<input type="text" name="mode" />

I used several cURL options, but the only two (other than URL) that mattered were:
curl_setopt($handle, CURLOPT_POST, true);
curl_setopt($handle, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $postfields);
Pretty standard so far.
Note: headers didn't need to be set, cURL automatically sets headers (like content-type: multipart/form-data; content-length...) when you pass an array into CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS.
Note: even though this is supposed to be a PUT command through an HTTP POST form, no special PUT options needed to be passed natively through cURL. Options such as
curl_setopt($handle, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array('X-HTTP-Method-Override: PUT', 'Content-Length: ' . strlen($fields)));
or
curl_setopt($handle, CURLOPT_PUT, true);
or
curl_setopt($handle, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "PUT);
were not needed to make the code work.

The fields I wanted to pass through cURL were arranged into an array something like this:
$postfields = array("method" => $_POST["method"],
                    "mode" => $_POST["mode"],
                    "product" => array("name" => $_POST["product"], 
                                        "cost" => $_POST["product"]["cost"], 
                                        "thumbnail" => "@{$_FILES["thumbnail"]["tmp_name"]};type={$_FILES["thumbnail"]["type"]}")
                    );

-Notice how the @ precedes the temporary filename, this creates a link so PHP will upload/transfer an actual file instead of just the file name, which would happen if the @ isn't included.
-Notice how I forcefully set the mime-type of the file to upload. I was having issues where images filetypes were defaulting to octet-stream instead of image/png or image/jpeg or whatever the type of the selected image.

I then tried passing $postfields straight into curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $postfields); but it didn't work.
I tried using http_build_query($postfields); but that didn't work properly either.
In both cases either the file wouldn't be treated as an actual file and the form data wasn't being sent properly. The problem was HTTP's methods of transmitting arrays. While PHP and other languages can figure out how to handle arrays passed via forms, HTTP isn't quite as sofisticated. I had to rewrite the $postfields array like so:
$postfields = array("method" => $_POST["method"],
                    "mode" => $_POST["mode"],
                    "product[name]" => $_POST["product"], 
                    "product[cost]" => $_POST["product"]["cost"], 
                    "product[thumbnail]" => "@{$_FILES["thumbnail"]["tmp_name"]}");
curl_setopt($handle, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $postfields);

This, without the use of http_build_query, solved all of my problems. Now the receiving host outputs both $_POST and $_FILES vars correctly.

down

zsalab ¶

13 years ago


Handling redirections with curl if safe_mode or open_basedir is enabled. The function working transparent, no problem with header and returntransfer options. You can handle the max redirection with the optional second argument (the function is set the variable to zero if max redirection exceeded).

Second parameter values:

- maxredirect is null or not set: redirect maximum five time, after raise PHP warning

- maxredirect is greather then zero: no raiser error, but parameter variable set to zero

- maxredirect is less or equal zero: no follow redirections



<?php

function curl_exec_follow(/*resource*/ $ch, /*int*/ &$maxredirect = null) {

    $mr = $maxredirect === null ? 5 : intval($maxredirect);

    if (ini_get('open_basedir') == '' && ini_get('safe_mode' == 'Off')) {

        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, $mr > 0);

        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_MAXREDIRS, $mr);

    } else {

        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, false);

        if ($mr > 0) {

            $newurl = curl_getinfo($ch, CURLINFO_EFFECTIVE_URL);



            $rch = curl_copy_handle($ch);

            curl_setopt($rch, CURLOPT_HEADER, true);

            curl_setopt($rch, CURLOPT_NOBODY, true);

            curl_setopt($rch, CURLOPT_FORBID_REUSE, false);

            curl_setopt($rch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);

            do {

                curl_setopt($rch, CURLOPT_URL, $newurl);

                $header = curl_exec($rch);

                if (curl_errno($rch)) {

                    $code = 0;

                } else {

                    $code = curl_getinfo($rch, CURLINFO_HTTP_CODE);

                    if ($code == 301 || $code == 302) {

                        preg_match('/Location:(.*?)\n/', $header, $matches);

                        $newurl = trim(array_pop($matches));

                    } else {

                        $code = 0;

                    }

                }

            } while ($code && --$mr);

            curl_close($rch);

            if (!$mr) {

                if ($maxredirect === null) {

                    trigger_error('Too many redirects. When following redirects, libcurl hit the maximum amount.', E_USER_WARNING);

                } else {

                    $maxredirect = 0;

                }

                return false;

            }

            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $newurl);

        }

    }

    return curl_exec($ch);

}

?>

down

Adam Monsen ¶

12 years ago


CURLOPT_POST must be left unset if you want the Content-Type header set to "multipart/form-data" (e.g., when CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS is an array). If you set CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS to an array and have CURLOPT_POST set to TRUE, Content-Length will be -1 and most sane servers will reject the request. If you set CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS to an array and have CURLOPT_POST set to FALSE, cURL will send a GET request.

down

c00lways at gmail dot com ¶

16 years ago


if you would like to send xml request to a server (lets say, making a soap proxy),

you have to set



<?php

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, Array("Content-Type: text/xml"));

?>



makesure you watch for cache issue:

the below code will prevent cache...



<?php

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FORBID_REUSE, 1);

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FRESH_CONNECT, 1);

?>



hope it helps ;)

down

scy-phpmanual at scytale dot name ¶

13 years ago


In order to reset CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, set it to array(). The cURL C API says you should set it to NULL, but that doesn’t work in the PHP wrapper.

down

rob ¶

15 years ago


Whats not mentioned in the documentation is that you have to set CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR to a file for the CURL handle to actually use cookies, if it is not set then cookies will not be parsed.

down

markandrewslade at gmail dot com ¶

7 years ago


Contrary to the documentation, CURLOPT_STDERR should be set to a handle to the file you want to write to, not the file's location.

down

ron at ttvavanti dot nl ¶

20 years ago


If you specify a CAINFO, note that the file must be in PEM format! (If not, it won't work).
Using Openssl you can use: 
openssl x509 -in <cert> -inform d -outform PEM -out cert.pem 
To create a pem formatted certificate from a binary certificate (the one you get if you download the ca somewhere).

down

fred at themancan dot com ¶

16 years ago


To find what encoding a given HTTP POST request uses is easy -- passing an array to CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS results in  multipart/form-data:



<?php

curl_setopt(CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, array('field1' => 'value'));

?>



Passing a URL-encoded string will result in application/x-www-form-urlencoded:



<?php

curl_setopt(CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, array('field1=value&field2=value2'));

?>



I ran across this when integrating with both a warehouse system and an email system; neither would accept multipart/form-data, but both happily accepted application/x-www-form-urlencoded.

down

ROXORT at TGNOOB dot FR ¶

19 years ago


<?php

/*

  Here is a script that is usefull to :

  - login to a POST form,

  - store a session cookie,

  - download a file once logged in.

*/



// INIT CURL

$ch = curl_init();



// SET URL FOR THE POST FORM LOGIN

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, 'http://www.example.com/Members/Login.php');



// ENABLE HTTP POST

curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1);



// SET POST PARAMETERS : FORM VALUES FOR EACH FIELD

curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, 'fieldname1=fieldvalue1&fieldname2=fieldvalue2');



// IMITATE CLASSIC BROWSER'S BEHAVIOUR : HANDLE COOKIES

curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, 'cookie.txt');



# Setting CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER variable to 1 will force cURL

# not to print out the results of its query.

# Instead, it will return the results as a string return value

# from curl_exec() instead of the usual true/false.

curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);



// EXECUTE 1st REQUEST (FORM LOGIN)

$store = curl_exec ($ch);



// SET FILE TO DOWNLOAD

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, 'http://www.example.com/Members/Downloads/AnnualReport.pdf');



// EXECUTE 2nd REQUEST (FILE DOWNLOAD)

$content = curl_exec ($ch);



// CLOSE CURL

curl_close ($ch); 



/*

  At this point you can do do whatever you want

  with the downloaded file stored in $content :

  display it, save it as file, and so on.

*/

?>

down

eion at bigfoot dot com ¶

18 years ago


If you are trying to use CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION and you get this warning:
Warning: curl_setopt() [function.curl-setopt]: CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION cannot be activated when in safe_mode or an open_basedir is set...

then you will want to read http://www.php.net/ChangeLog-4.php which says "Disabled CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION in curl when open_basedir or safe_mode are enabled." as of PHP 4.4.4/5.1.5.  This is due to the fact that curl is not part of PHP and doesn't know the values of open_basedir or safe_mode, so you could comprimise your webserver operating in safe_mode by redirecting (using header('Location: ...')) to "file://" urls, which curl would have gladly retrieved.

Until the curl extension is changed in PHP or curl (if it ever will) to deal with "Location:" headers, here is a far from perfect remake of the curl_exec function that I am using.

Since there's no curl_getopt function equivalent, you'll have to tweak the function to make it work for your specific use.  As it is here, it returns the body of the response and not the header.  It also doesn't deal with redirection urls with username and passwords in them.

<?php
    function curl_redir_exec($ch)
    {
        static $curl_loops = 0;
        static $curl_max_loops = 20;
        if ($curl_loops++ >= $curl_max_loops)
        {
            $curl_loops = 0;
            return FALSE;
        }
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, true);
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
        $data = curl_exec($ch);
        list($header, $data) = explode("\n\n", $data, 2);
        $http_code = curl_getinfo($ch, CURLINFO_HTTP_CODE);
        if ($http_code == 301 || $http_code == 302)
        {
            $matches = array();
            preg_match('/Location:(.*?)\n/', $header, $matches);
            $url = @parse_url(trim(array_pop($matches)));
            if (!$url)
            {
                //couldn't process the url to redirect to
                $curl_loops = 0;
                return $data;
            }
            $last_url = parse_url(curl_getinfo($ch, CURLINFO_EFFECTIVE_URL));
            if (!$url['scheme'])
                $url['scheme'] = $last_url['scheme'];
            if (!$url['host'])
                $url['host'] = $last_url['host'];
            if (!$url['path'])
                $url['path'] = $last_url['path'];
            $new_url = $url['scheme'] . '://' . $url['host'] . $url['path'] . ($url['query']?'?'.$url['query']:'');
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $new_url);
            debug('Redirecting to', $new_url);
            return curl_redir_exec($ch);
        } else {
            $curl_loops=0;
            return $data;
        }
    }
?>

down

shiplu at programmer dot net ¶

11 years ago


CURLOPT_POST should be set before CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS. Otherwise you might encounter 411 Length required error.

Following code generates "411 Length Required" on nginx/1.1.15
<?php
curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $postfields); 
curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
?>

But this one works.

<?php
curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $postfields); 
?>

down

Tyranoweb ¶

15 years ago


There is a function to send POST data in page with five parameters :



$post must be an array

$page is the page where POST datas will be send.

$n must be true to continue if they are php redirection (Location: )

$session must be define true if you want to use cookies 

$referer must be a link to get a wrong referer or only to have a referer.



<?php

function curl_data_post($post, $page, $n, $session, $referer)

    {

        if(!is_array($post))

        {

         return false;

        }

        

        $DATA_POST = curl_init();

        curl_setopt($DATA_POST, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);

        curl_setopt($DATA_POST, CURLOPT_URL, $page);

        curl_setopt($DATA_POST, CURLOPT_POST, true);

        if($n)

        {

         curl_setopt($DATA_POST, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, true);

        }

        if($session)

        {

         curl_setopt($DATA_POST, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, 'cookiefile.txt');

         curl_setopt($DATA_POST, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, 'cookiefile.txt'); 

        }

        

        if($referer)

        {

         curl_setopt($DATA_POST, CURLOPT_REFERER, $referer); 

        }

        

        curl_setopt($DATA_POST, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $post);

        $data = curl_exec($DATA_POST);

        if($data == false)

        {

         echo'Warning : ' . curl_error($DATA_POST);

         curl_close($DATA_POST);

         return false;

        }

        else

        {

         curl_close($DATA_POST);

         return $data;

        }

    }

?>

down

php at miggy dot org ¶

18 years ago


Note that if you want to use a proxy and use it as a _cache_, you'll have to do:



<?php curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array("Pragma: ")); ?>



else by default Curl puts a "Pragma: no-cache" header in and thus force cache misses for all requests.

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joel at mojamail dot com ¶

6 years ago


In the long documentation, it's easy to miss the fact that CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS will set the Content-Type to "multipart/form-data" (instead of the usual "application/x-www-form-urlencoded") IFF you supply an array (instead of a query string)!

Some servers will return weird errors (like "SSL read: error:00000000:lib(0):func(0):reason(0), errno 104") for the wrong Content-Type, and you may waste many hours of time trying to figure out why!

down

qeremy [atta] gmail [dotta] com ¶

12 years ago


If you are trying to update something on your server and you need to handle this update operation by PUT;

<?php
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "PUT");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_PUT, 1);
?>

are "useless" without;

<?php
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array('X-HTTP-Method-Override: PUT'));
?>

Example;

Updating a book data in database identified by "id 1";

--cURL Part--
<?php
$data = http_build_query($_POST);
// or
$data = http_build_query(array(
   'name'  => 'PHP in Action',
   'price' => 10.9
));

$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "http://api.localhost/rest/books/1");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
// curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "PUT"); // no need anymore
// or
// curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_PUT, 1); // no need anymore
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array('X-HTTP-Method-Override: PUT'));
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);
$ce = curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
print_r($ce);
?>

--API class--
<?php
public function putAction() {
    echo "putAction() -> id: ". $this->_getParam('id') ."\n";
    print_r($_POST);
    // do stuff with post data
    ...
?>

--Output--
putAction() -> id: 15
Array
(
    [name] => PHP in Action
    [price] => 10.9
)

---Keywords--
rest, restfull api, restfull put, curl put, curl customrequest put

down

Andrew ¶

15 years ago


I noticed that if you want to get current cookie file after curl_exec() - you need to close current curl handle (like it said in manual), but if you want cookies to be dumped to file after any curl_exec (without curl_close) you can:



<?php

#call it normally

$ch = curl_init(); 

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0); 

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, "cookiefile"); 

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, "cookiefile"); 

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 1); 

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, 'http://www.example.com/'); 

$result1 = curl_exec($ch); 



#and then  make a temp copy

$ch_temp=curl_copy_handle(ch);

curl_close($ch);

$ch=$ch_temp;

?>



Only this way, if you close $ch_temp - cookies wont be dumped.

down

anonymous ¶

12 years ago


This may be not obvious, but if you specify the CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS and don't specify the CURLOPT_POST - it will still send POST, not GET (as you might think - since GET is default).
So the line:

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);

is synonym to:

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);

Even if you set the options like this (in this order):

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 0);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);

it will send POST, since CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS is latter.
So if you want GET - make sure you don't have CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS specified somewhere.

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ac at an dot y-co dot de ¶

16 years ago


If you want to connect to a server which requires that you identify yourself with a certificate, use following code. Your certificate and servers certificate are signed by an authority whose certificate is in ca.ctr.



<?php

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_VERBOSE, '1');

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, '2');

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, '1');

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CAINFO,  getcwd().'/cert/ca.crt');

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSLCERT, getcwd().'/cert/mycert.pem');

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSLCERTPASSWD, 'password');

?>



If your original certificate is in .pfx format, you have to convert it to .pem using following commands

# openssl pkcs12 -in mycert.pfx -out mycert.key

# openssl rsa -in mycert.key -out mycert.pem

# openssl x509 -in mycert.key >> mycert.pem

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Salil Kothadia ¶

16 years ago


In PHP5, for the "CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS" option, we can use:

<?php
$ch = curl_init($URI);
$Post = http_build_query($PostData);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $Post);
$Output = curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
?>

down

Madcat ¶

11 years ago


If you have a mixture of strings starting with @ (at character) and files in CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS you have a problem (such as posting a tweet with attached media) because curl tries to interpret anything starting with @ as a file.

<?php

$postfields = array(
    'upload_file' => '@file_to_upload.png',
    'upload_text' => '@text_to_upload'
);

$curl = curl_init();
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, 'http://example.com/upload-test');
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $postfields);
curl_exec($curl);
curl_close($curl);

?>

To get around this, prepend the text string with the NULL character like so:

<?php
    $postfields = array(
        'upload_file' => '@file_to_upload.png',
        'upload_text' => sprintf("\0%s", '@text_to_upload')
    );
?>

Original source: http://bit.ly/AntMle

down

Sylvain R ¶

15 years ago


When you are using CURLOPT_FILE to download directly into a file you must close the file handler after the curl_close() otherwise the file will be incomplete and you will not be able to use it until the end of the execution of the php process.



<?php



$fh = fopen('/tmp/foo', 'w');

$ch = curl_init('http://example.com/foo');

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FILE, $fh);

curl_exec($ch);

curl_close($ch);



# at this point your file is not complete and corrupted



fclose($fh);



# now you can use your file;



read_file('/tmp/foo');



?>

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julien veneziano ¶

14 years ago


If you need to send deta in a DELETE request, use:

<?php
$request_body = 'some data';
$ch = curl_init('http://www.example.com');
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $request_body);
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 1);
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0); 
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "DELETE");
        $response = curl_exec($ch);
var_dump($response);
?>

down

adrian at foeder dot de ¶

12 years ago


if you want to do a GET request with additional body data it will become tricky not to implicitly change the request to a POST, like many notes below correctly state.
So to do the analogy of command line's

curl -XGET 'http://example.org?foo=bar' -d '<baz>some additional data</baz>'

in PHP you'll do, besides your other necessary stuff,

<?php
    curl_setopt($curlHandle, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, 'GET');
    curl_setopt($curlHandle, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, '<baz>some additional data</baz>');
?>

during my experiments, every other "similar" way, like e.g. CURLOPT_HTTPGET, didn't send the additional data or fell into POST.

down

alexchexes at gmail dot com ¶

1 year ago


If you want cURL to successfully write cookies to a file specified with CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, ensure that cURL has the necessary permissions to modify the file if it already exists.

I spent nearly a day trying to understand why cURL wasn't saving cookies to an existing file, even though I could easily modify the exact same file using file_put_contents(). Moreover, cURL itself could create the same file and save cookies, but only if it didn't previously exist.

Ultimately, the issue was related to file ownership. I was working within WSL2, inside a symlinked Windows directory. The [automount]"metadata" in wsl.conf was not set, causing every file created from PHP to have the default owner, which differed from the user running PHP.

Once I configured wsl.conf and then changed the ownership of the entire directory to match the user running PHP, cookies were successfully written to any file without any issues.

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Niki Romagnoli ¶

1 year ago


Set order when using CURLOPT_POST and CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS *matters*.
Setting CURL_POST to true will ERASE any previous CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS using an array. Result is request be a POST with empty body.

CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS will set CURLOPT_POST to true for you, no need for repeat.
If you really need to set both, then either:
  - set CURLOPT_POST *before* CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS
  - or don't use array and convert CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS to URL-encoded string, it will not be affected this way (ie. <?php curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, http_build_query($yourArray)); ?> )

down

Williambam ¶

9 months ago


<a href=https://restavratsiyavann.com/murashi/>Восстановление ванн</a>

down

urkle at outoforder dot cc ¶

15 years ago


To send a post as a different content-type (ie.. application/json or text/xml) add this setopt call



<?php

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER,array('Content-Type: application/json'));

?>

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