strtolower(); doesn't work for polish chars
<?php strtolower("mĄkA"); ?>
will return: mĄka;
the best solution - use mb_strtolower()
<?php mb_strtolower("mĄkA",'UTF-8'); ?>
will return: mąka
strtolower
(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7)
strtolower — 문자열을 소문자로 만듭니다
설명
string strtolower
( string
$str
)
string의 모든 알파벳 문자를 소문자로 바꾼 문자열을
반환합니다.
'알파벳'은 현재 로케일에 의해 정해집니다. 즉, 기본값인 "C" 로케일에서는 umlaut-A (Ä) 등의 문자는 변환하지 않습니다.
인수
-
str -
입력 문자열.
반환값
소문자로 바꾼 문자열을 반환합니다.
예제
Example #1 strtolower() 예제
<?php
$str = "Mary Had A Little Lamb and She LOVED It So";
$str = strtolower($str);
echo $str; // mary had a little lamb and she loved it so 를 출력합니다.
?>
주의
Note: 이 함수는 바이너리 안전입니다.
참고
- strtoupper() - 문자열을 대문자로 만듭니다
- ucfirst() - Make a string's first character uppercase
- ucwords() - Uppercase the first character of each word in a string
- mb_strtolower() - Make a string lowercase
add a note
User Contributed Notes 16 notes
marcin at maydesign dot pl ¶
14 years ago
coder at bulgaria dot bg ¶
15 years ago
for cyrillic and UTF 8 use mb_convert_case
exampel
<?php
$string = "Австралия";
$string = mb_convert_case($string, MB_CASE_LOWER, "UTF-8");
echo $string;
//output is: австралия
?>
helvete at bahno dot net ¶
10 years ago
It is worth noting that
<?php
var_dump(strtolower(null))
?>
returns:
string(0) ""
dbers26 at gmail dot com ¶
15 years ago
the function arraytolower will create duplicate entries since keys are case sensitive.
<?php
$array = array('test1' => 'asgAFasDAAd', 'TEST2' => 'ASddhshsDGb', 'TeSt3 '=> 'asdasda@asdadadASDASDgh');
$array = arraytolower($array);
?>
/*
Array
(
[test1] => asgafasdaad
[TEST2] => ASddhshsDGb
[TeSt3] => asdasda@asdadadASDASDgh
[test2] => asddhshsdgb
[test3] => asdasda@asdadadasdasdgh
)
*/
I prefer this method
<?php
function arraytolower($array, $include_leys=false) {
if($include_leys) {
foreach($array as $key => $value) {
if(is_array($value))
$array2[strtolower($key)] = arraytolower($value, $include_leys);
else
$array2[strtolower($key)] = strtolower($value);
}
$array = $array2;
}
else {
foreach($array as $key => $value) {
if(is_array($value))
$array[$key] = arraytolower($value, $include_leys);
else
$array[$key] = strtolower($value);
}
}
return $array;
}
?>
which when used like this
<?php
$array = $array = array('test1' => 'asgAFasDAAd', 'TEST2' => 'ASddhshsDGb', 'TeSt3 '=> 'asdasda@asdadadASDASDgh');
$array1 = arraytolower($array);
$array2 = arraytolower($array,true);
print_r($array1);
print_r($array2);
?>
will give output of
Array
(
[test1] => asgafasdaad
[TEST2] => asddhshsdgb
[TeSt3] => asdasda@asdadadasdasdgh
)
Array
(
[test1] => asgafasdaad
[test2] => asddhshsdgb
[test3] => asdasda@asdadadasdasdgh
)
patricia at steuerungb dot de ¶
17 years ago
When you're not sure, how the current locale is set, you might find the following function useful. It's strtolower for utf8-formatted text:
<?php
function strtolower_utf8($inputString) {
$outputString = utf8_decode($inputString);
$outputString = strtolower($outputString);
$outputString = utf8_encode($outputString);
return $outputString;
}
?>
It's not suitable for every occasion, but it surely gets in handy. I use it for lowering German 'Umlauts' like ä and ö.
rok dot kralj at gmail dot com ¶
17 years ago
Slovenian characters
<?php
function strtolower_slovenian($string)
{
$low=array("Č" => "č", "Ž" => "ž", "Š" => "š");
return strtolower(strtr($string,$low));
}
?>
rodrigoATsistemasparainternetDOTcomDOTbr ¶
16 years ago
<?php
function fullLower($str){
// convert to entities
$subject = htmlentities($str,ENT_QUOTES);
$pattern = '/&([a-z])(uml|acute|circ';
$pattern.= '|tilde|ring|elig|grave|slash|horn|cedil|th);/e';
$replace = "'&'.strtolower('\\1').'\\2'.';'";
$result = preg_replace($pattern, $replace, $subject);
// convert from entities back to characters
$htmltable = get_html_translation_table(HTML_ENTITIES);
foreach($htmltable as $key => $value) {
$result = ereg_replace(addslashes($value),$key,$result);
}
return(strtolower($result));
}
echo fullLower("Ã É Ò Õ ÚÙÛ");
//results ã é ò õ úùû
//adapted from fullUpper on strtoupper manual
?>
marco at recchiuti dot it ¶
17 years ago
Maybe it is not so elegant, but it Works.
It's just a fast Idea and it is what I need.
Any hacks for other characters (link !, ? etc etc) should help.
function RemoveShouting($string)
{
$frase = "";
$astri = explode(".", $string);
foreach ($astri as $elem)
$frase .= " ".ucfirst(trim(strtolower($elem))).". ";
return trim($frase);
}
Cheers!
M
mhuggins57 at yahoo dot com ¶
19 years ago
There's a ucfirst "function" to make the first character uppercase, but there's no "lcfirst" function to make the first character lowercase. Here's my own code to accomplish this.
<?
function lcfirst($str) {
return strtolower(substr($str, 0, 1)) . substr($str, 1);
}
?>
I found this particularly useful for generating XML nodes with the Reflection class.
bkimble at ebaseweb dot com ¶
21 years ago
Heres a small function I wrote to stop people from submitting data that is ALL IN CAPS SO THEY CAN GET MORE ATTENTION THAT THE REST OF THE USER SUBMITTED DATA on my website :) If you can make it better, by all means do so. This function splits up words delimited by a space, and makes only the first letter of each word capitalized. You can easily modify it so it's only the very first word of the string. I've also added some exceptions so you don't make things like roman numerals look like "Iii" or "Xcmii" or something.
function RemoveShouting($string)
{
$lower_exceptions = array(
"to" => "1", "a" => "1", "the" => "1", "of" => "1"
);
$higher_exceptions = array(
"I" => "1", "II" => "1", "III" => "1", "IV" => "1",
"V" => "1", "VI" => "1", "VII" => "1", "VIII" => "1",
"XI" => "1", "X" => "1"
);
$words = split(" ", $string);
$newwords = array();
foreach ($words as $word)
{
if (!$higher_exceptions[$word]) $word = strtolower($word);
if (!$lower_exceptions[$word]) $word[0] = strtoupper($word[0]);
array_push($newwords, $word);
}
return join(" ", $newwords);
}
BK
Patrick ¶
18 years ago
If you're considering using the below unhtmlentities function from phpContrib, I would suggest this one as an alternative:
<?php
function unhtmlentities($string)
{
// replace numeric entities
$string = preg_replace('~&#x([0-9a-f]+);~ei', 'chr(hexdec("\\1"))', $string);
$string = preg_replace('~&#([0-9]+);~e', 'chr(\\1)', $string);
// replace literal entities
$trans_tbl = get_html_translation_table(HTML_ENTITIES);
$trans_tbl = array_flip($trans_tbl);
return strtr($string, $trans_tbl);
}
?>
That was copied exactly from the html_entity_decode manual page. It'll handle numeric entities correctly, the below function won't.
RCube ¶
13 years ago
To convert an entire array to lower, I prefer this method;
<?php
function arraytolower(array $array, $round = 0){
return unserialize(strtolower(serialize($array)));
}
?>
3 lines of code seem a lot less overhead than 10-40.
If there's any intrinsic problem with this method, please post it.
leha_grobov ¶
15 years ago
the strtolower version to support most amount of languages including russian, french and so on:
<?php
function strtolower_utf8($string){
$convert_to = array(
"a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h", "i", "j", "k", "l", "m", "n", "o", "p", "q", "r", "s", "t", "u",
"v", "w", "x", "y", "z", "à", "á", "â", "ã", "ä", "å", "æ", "ç", "è", "é", "ê", "ë", "ì", "í", "î", "ï",
"ð", "ñ", "ò", "ó", "ô", "õ", "ö", "ø", "ù", "ú", "û", "ü", "ý", "а", "б", "в", "г", "д", "е", "ё", "ж",
"з", "и", "й", "к", "л", "м", "н", "о", "п", "р", "с", "т", "у", "ф", "х", "ц", "ч", "ш", "щ", "ъ", "ы",
"ь", "э", "ю", "я"
);
$convert_from = array(
"A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H", "I", "J", "K", "L", "M", "N", "O", "P", "Q", "R", "S", "T", "U",
"V", "W", "X", "Y", "Z", "À", "Á", "Â", "Ã", "Ä", "Å", "Æ", "Ç", "È", "É", "Ê", "Ë", "Ì", "Í", "Î", "Ï",
"Ð", "Ñ", "Ò", "Ó", "Ô", "Õ", "Ö", "Ø", "Ù", "Ú", "Û", "Ü", "Ý", "А", "Б", "В", "Г", "Д", "Е", "Ё", "Ж",
"З", "И", "Й", "К", "Л", "М", "Н", "О", "П", "Р", "С", "Т", "У", "Ф", "Х", "Ц", "Ч", "Ш", "Щ", "Ъ", "Ъ",
"Ь", "Э", "Ю", "Я"
);
return str_replace($convert_from, $convert_to, $string);
}
?>
kmcdermott at perimeterinstitute dot ca ¶
20 years ago
To do case insensitive comparisons in a database, strtolower() can be a quick and dirty solution:
$Sql = "SELECT * FROM tablename WHERE LOWER(column_name) = '".strtolower($my_var)."'";
spiceee ddotty spiceee com ¶
18 years ago
If you ever need to strtolower a string with href tags on it and doesn't want to mess with the characters inside a tag, this is for you.
<?php
function loweroutsidetags ($str) {
$chars = preg_split ("//", $str);
$tolower = true;
$str = '';
foreach ($chars as $k) {
if ($k == '<') { $tolower = false; }
if ($tolower) { $k = strtolower ($k); }
$str .= $k;
if ($k == '>') { $tolower = true; }
}
return $str;
}
?>
this:
echo loweroutsidetags('aALalala <a href="?q=CASEsENSITIVINESSinURLSareSTUPID">')
will give:
aalalala <a href="?q=CASEsENSITIVINESSinURLSareSTUPID">
Daniel Klein ¶
8 years ago
When the locale is set to "utf8" or "C" I can't get strtolower() to convert accented characters encoded as UTF-8, so here is my workaround.
<?php
function tolower($string) {
if ($old_locale = setlocale(LC_CTYPE, 0)) {
// 'fr_FR.ISO-8859-1' for *nix, 'French_France.1252' fallback for Windows
if ($newlocale = setlocale(LC_CTYPE, 'fr_FR.ISO-8859-1', 'French_France.1252')) {
preg_match('/\.(?<encoding>.+)$/', $newlocale, $match);
$string = utf8_encode(strtolower(utf8_decode($string)));
}
setlocale(LC_CTYPE, $old_locale);
}
return $string;
}
print(tolower('DÉJÀ-VU')); // prints déjà-vu
?>
Change the language-country codes if you want some language other than French.
