openssl_csr_new

(PHP 4 >= 4.2.0, PHP 5, PHP 7)

openssl_csr_new — Generates a CSR

설명

mixed openssl_csr_new ( array $dn , resource &$privkey [, array $configargs [, array $extraattribs ]] )

openssl_csr_new() generates a new CSR (Certificate Signing Request) based on the information provided by dn, which represents the Distinguished Name to be used in the certificate.

Note: 이 함수가 제대로 작동하려면 유효한 openssl.cnf을 설치해야 합니다. 자세한 정보는 설치 섹션의 주석을 살펴보십시오.

인수

dn

The Distinguished Name to be used in the certificate.

privkey

privkey should be set to a private key that was previously generated by openssl_pkey_new() (or otherwise obtained from the other openssl_pkey family of functions). The corresponding public portion of the key will be used to sign the CSR.

configargs

By default, the information in your system openssl.conf is used to initialize the request; you can specify a configuration file section by setting the config_section_section key of configargs. You can also specify an alternative openssl configuration file by setting the value of the config key to the path of the file you want to use. The following keys, if present in configargs behave as their equivalents in the openssl.conf, as listed in the table below.

**Configuration overrides**
`configargs` key	type	openssl.conf equivalent	description
digest_alg	string	default_md	Selects which digest method to use
x509_extensions	string	x509_extensions	Selects which extensions should be used when creating an x509 certificate
req_extensions	string	req_extensions	Selects which extensions should be used when creating a CSR
private_key_bits	integer	default_bits	Specifies how many bits should be used to generate a private key
private_key_type	integer	none	Specifies the type of private key to create. This can be one of `OPENSSL_KEYTYPE_DSA`, `OPENSSL_KEYTYPE_DH` or `OPENSSL_KEYTYPE_RSA`. The default value is `OPENSSL_KEYTYPE_RSA` which is currently the only supported key type.
encrypt_key	boolean	encrypt_key	Should an exported key (with passphrase) be encrypted?
encrypt_key_cipher	integer	none	One of cipher constants.

extraattribs

extraattribs is used to specify additional configuration options for the CSR. Both dn and extraattribs are associative arrays whose keys are converted to OIDs and applied to the relevant part of the request.

반환값

Returns the CSR.

예제

Example #1 Creating a self-signed-certificate


<?php
// Fill in data for the distinguished name to be used in the cert
// You must change the values of these keys to match your name and
// company, or more precisely, the name and company of the person/site
// that you are generating the certificate for.
// For SSL certificates, the commonName is usually the domain name of
// that will be using the certificate, but for S/MIME certificates,
// the commonName will be the name of the individual who will use the
// certificate.
$dn = array(
    "countryName" => "UK",
    "stateOrProvinceName" => "Somerset",
    "localityName" => "Glastonbury",
    "organizationName" => "The Brain Room Limited",
    "organizationalUnitName" => "PHP Documentation Team",
    "commonName" => "Wez Furlong",
    "emailAddress" => "wez@example.com"
);

// Generate a new private (and public) key pair
$privkey = openssl_pkey_new();

// Generate a certificate signing request
$csr = openssl_csr_new($dn, $privkey);

// You will usually want to create a self-signed certificate at this
// point until your CA fulfills your request.
// This creates a self-signed cert that is valid for 365 days
$sscert = openssl_csr_sign($csr, null, $privkey, 365);

// Now you will want to preserve your private key, CSR and self-signed
// cert so that they can be installed into your web server, mail server
// or mail client (depending on the intended use of the certificate).
// This example shows how to get those things into variables, but you
// can also store them directly into files.
// Typically, you will send the CSR on to your CA who will then issue
// you with the "real" certificate.
openssl_csr_export($csr, $csrout) and var_dump($csrout);
openssl_x509_export($sscert, $certout) and var_dump($certout);
openssl_pkey_export($privkey, $pkeyout, "mypassword") and var_dump($pkeyout);

// Show any errors that occurred here
while (($e = openssl_error_string()) !== false) {
    echo $e . "\n";
}
?>

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User Contributed Notes 10 notes

down

The_Lost_One ¶

15 years ago


Not sure whether the "bug" (undocumented behavior) I encountered is common to other people, but this comment might save hours of painful debug:
If you can't generate a new private key using openssl_pkey_new() or openssl_csr_new(), your script hangs during the call of these functions and in case you specified a "private_key_bits" parameter, ensure that you cast the variable to an int. Took me ages to notice that.

<?php
$SSLcnf = array('config' => '/usr/local/nessy2/share/ssl/openssl.cnf',
        'encrypt_key' => true,
        'private_key_type' => OPENSSL_KEYTYPE_RSA,
        'digest_alg' => 'sha1',
        'x509_extensions' => 'v3_ca',
        'private_key_bits' => $someVariable // ---> bad
        'private_key_bits' => (int)$someVariable // ---> good
        'private_key_bits' => 512 // ---> obviously good
        );
?>

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james at kirk dot com ¶

9 years ago


When in doubt, read the source code to PHP!

$configargs is fairly opaque as to what is going on behind the scenes.  That is, until you actually look at php_openssl_parse_config() in '/ext/openssl/openssl.c':

    SET_OPTIONAL_STRING_ARG("digest_alg", req->digest_name,
        CONF_get_string(req->req_config, req->section_name, "default_md"));
    SET_OPTIONAL_STRING_ARG("x509_extensions", req->extensions_section,
        CONF_get_string(req->req_config, req->section_name, "x509_extensions"));
    SET_OPTIONAL_STRING_ARG("req_extensions", req->request_extensions_section,
        CONF_get_string(req->req_config, req->section_name, "req_extensions"));
    SET_OPTIONAL_LONG_ARG("private_key_bits", req->priv_key_bits,
        CONF_get_number(req->req_config, req->section_name, "default_bits"));

    SET_OPTIONAL_LONG_ARG("private_key_type", req->priv_key_type, OPENSSL_KEYTYPE_DEFAULT);

Here we can see that SET_OPTIONAL_STRING_ARG() is called for most inputs but for 'private_key_bits' SET_OPTIONAL_LONG_ARG() is called.  Both calls are C macros that expand to code that enforces the expected input type.  The generated code ignores the input without warning/notice if an unexpected type is used and just uses the default from the configuration file.  This is why using a string with 'private_key_bits' will result in unexpected behavior.

Further inspection of the earlier initialization in the same function:

    SET_OPTIONAL_STRING_ARG("config", req->config_filename, default_ssl_conf_filename);
    SET_OPTIONAL_STRING_ARG("config_section_name", req->section_name, "req");
    req->global_config = CONF_load(NULL, default_ssl_conf_filename, NULL);
    req->req_config = CONF_load(NULL, req->config_filename, NULL);

    if (req->req_config == NULL) {
        return FAILURE;
    }

And elsewhere in another function:

    /* default to 'openssl.cnf' if no environment variable is set */
    if (config_filename == NULL) {
        snprintf(default_ssl_conf_filename, sizeof(default_ssl_conf_filename), "%s/%s",
                X509_get_default_cert_area(),
                "openssl.cnf");
    } else {
        strlcpy(default_ssl_conf_filename, config_filename, sizeof(default_ssl_conf_filename));
    }

Reveals that 'config' in $configargs is an override for any default setting elsewhere.  This actually negates the comment in the documentation that says "Note: You need to have a valid openssl.cnf installed for this function to operate correctly. See the notes under the installation section for more information."  A more correct sentence would be "Note:  You need to either have a valid openssl.cnf set up or use $configargs to point at a valid openssl.cnf file for this function to operate correctly."

All of that goes to show that looking at the PHP source code is the only real way to figure out what is actually happening.  Doing so saves time and effort.

down

Anonymous ¶

9 years ago


For those of you using Debian-based systems, the openssl configuration file is at: /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf

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main ATT jokester DOTT fr ¶

16 years ago


To set the "basicConstraints" to  "critical,CA:TRUE", you have to define configargs, but in the openssl_csr_sign() function !

That's my example of code to sign a "child" certificate :

$CAcrt = "file://ca.crt";
$CAkey = array("file://ca.key", "myPassWord");

$clientKeys = openssl_pkey_new();
$dn = array(
    "countryName" => "FR",
    "stateOrProvinceName" => "Finistere",
    "localityName" => "Plouzane",
    "organizationName" => "Ecole Nationale d'Ingenieurs de Brest",
    "organizationalUnitName" => "Enib Students",
    "commonName" => "www.enib.fr",
    "emailAddress" => "ilovessl@php.net"
);
$csr = openssl_csr_new($dn, $clientPrivKey);

$configArgs = array("x509_extensions" => "v3_req");
$cert = openssl_csr_sign($csr, $CAcrt, $CAkey, 100, $configArgs);

openssl_x509_export_to_file($cert, "childCert.crt");

Then if you want to add some more options, you can edit the "/etc/ssl/openssl.cnf" ssl config' file (debian path), and add these after the [ v3_req ] tag.

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alex at nodex dot co dot uk ¶

10 years ago


In the PHP example above it uses "UK" as the country name which is incorrect, the country name must be "GB"

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Richard Lynch ¶

11 years ago


There appears to be no openssl_csr_free function.

At least not here.

If it's in the source, one might be able to just call it.

If it's not in the source, it probably should be.

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Anonymous ¶

19 years ago


If you get the error:

error:0D11A086:asn1 encoding routines:ASN1_mbstring_copy:string too short

then look at your key:value pairs in the $dn (distinguished name) array.

If you have one value (like "organizationalUnitName" = "") set to an empty string, it will throw the above error.

Fix the error by either eliminating that array element from $dn completely, or using a space " " instead of an empty string.

down

robertliu AT wiscore DOT com ¶

19 years ago


I am using PHP-4.3.11.
The type of configargs--private_key_bits is a INTEGER, not a string.
An example of configration:
<?php
$config = array(
  "digest_alg" => "sha1",
  "private_key_bits" => 2048,
  "private_key_type" => OPENSSL_KEYTYPE_DSA,
  "encrypt_key" => false
);
?>

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-1

dankybastard at hotmail ¶

19 years ago


As you probably guessed from the example, the documentation is misinforming.  openssl_csr_new returns a CSR resource or FALSE on failure.

mixed openssl_csr_new (assoc_array dn, resource_privkey, [...])

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-1

@operator ¶

8 years ago


One command to create modern certificate request with 4 SAN subdomain.
According to RFC you can change CN (common name) and subjectAltName. When cert validated searching in CN and subjectAltName.

openssl req -new -nodes -config <( cat <<-EOF
[req]
default_bits = 2048
prompt = no
default_md = sha256
req_extensions = re
distinguished_name = dn
[ dn ]
CN = my.tld
C = country
ST = state
L = location
O = ORGANISATION
[ re ]
subjectAltName = DNS.1: www.my.tld, DNS.2: www2.my.tld, DNS.3: www3.my.tld, DNS.4: www4.my.tld
EOF
) -keyout secret.key -out req.csr

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