explode

(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

explode — Split a string by a string

Descrição

explode(string $separator, string $string, int $limit = PHP_INT_MAX): array

Returns an array of strings, each of which is a substring of string formed by splitting it on boundaries formed by the string separator.

Parâmetros

separator

The boundary string.

string

The input string.

limit

If limit is set and positive, the returned array will contain a maximum of limit elements with the last element containing the rest of string.

If the limit parameter is negative, all components except the last -limit are returned.

If the limit parameter is zero, then this is treated as 1.

Nota:
Prior to PHP 8.0, implode() accepted its parameters in either order. explode() has never supported this: you must ensure that the separator argument comes before the string argument.

Valor Retornado

Returns an array of strings created by splitting the string parameter on boundaries formed by the separator.

If separator is an empty string (""), explode() throws a ValueError. If separator contains a value that is not contained in string and a negative limit is used, then an empty array will be returned, otherwise an array containing string will be returned. If separator values appear at the start or end of string, said values will be added as an empty array value either in the first or last position of the returned array respectively.

Registro de Alterações

Versão	Descrição
8.0.0	explode() will now throw ValueError when `separator` parameter is given an empty string (`""`). Previously, explode() returned `false` instead.

Exemplos

Exemplo #1 explode() examples

<?php
// Example 1
$pizza  = "piece1 piece2 piece3 piece4 piece5 piece6";
$pieces = explode(" ", $pizza);
echo $pieces[0]; // piece1
echo $pieces[1]; // piece2

// Example 2
$data = "foo:*:1023:1000::/home/foo:/bin/sh";
list($user, $pass, $uid, $gid, $gecos, $home, $shell) = explode(":", $data);
echo $user; // foo
echo $pass; // *

?>

Exemplo #2 explode() return examples

<?php
/* 
   A string that doesn't contain the delimiter will simply
   return a one-length array of the original string.
*/
$input1 = "hello";
$input2 = "hello,there";
$input3 = ',';
var_dump( explode( ',', $input1 ) );
var_dump( explode( ',', $input2 ) );
var_dump( explode( ',', $input3 ) );

?>

O exemplo acima produzirá:

array(1)
(
    [0] => string(5) "hello"
)
array(2)
(
    [0] => string(5) "hello"
    [1] => string(5) "there"
)
array(2)
(
    [0] => string(0) ""
    [1] => string(0) ""
)

Exemplo #3 limit parameter examples

<?php
$str = 'one|two|three|four';

// positive limit
print_r(explode('|', $str, 2));

// negative limit
print_r(explode('|', $str, -1));
?>

O exemplo acima produzirá:

Array
(
    [0] => one
    [1] => two|three|four
)
Array
(
    [0] => one
    [1] => two
    [2] => three
)

Notas

Nota: Esta função é compatível com dados binários.

Veja Também

preg_split() - Split string by a regular expression
str_split() - Convert a string to an array
mb_split() - Divide uma string multibyte usando expressão regular
str_word_count() - Retorna informação sobre palavras usadas em uma string
strtok() - Tokenize string
implode() - Join array elements with a string

add a note

User Contributed Notes 4 notes

down

Gerben ¶

2 years ago


Note that an empty input string will still result in one element in the output array. This is something to remember when you are processing unknown input.



For example, maybe you are splitting part of a URI by forward slashes (like "articles/42/show" => ["articles", "42", "show"]). And maybe you expect that an empty URI will result in an empty array ("" => []). Instead, it will contain one element, with an empty string:



<?php



$uri = '';

$parts = explode('/', $uri);

var_dump($parts);



?>



Will output:



array(1) {

  [0]=>

  string(0) ""

}



And not:



array(0) {

}

down

bocoroth ¶

3 years ago


Be careful, while most non-alphanumeric data types as input strings return an array with an empty string when used with a valid separator, true returns an array with the string "1"!

var_dump(explode(',', null)); //array(1) { [0]=> string(0) "" }
var_dump(explode(',', false)); //array(1) { [0]=> string(0) "" }

var_dump(explode(',', true)); //array(1) { [0]=> string(1) "1" }

down

marc ¶

11 months ago


If your data is smaller than the expected count with the list expansion:

<?php
$data = "foo:*:1023:1000::/home/foo:/bin/sh";
list($user, $pass, $uid, $gid, $gecos, $home, $shell,$nu) = explode(":", $data);
?>

The result is a warning not an error:

PHP Warning:  Undefined array key 7 in ...

The solution is to pad the array to the expected length:

<?php
$data = "foo:*:1023:1000::/home/foo:/bin/sh";
list($user, $pass, $uid, $gid, $gecos, $home, $shell,$nu) = array_pad( explode(":", $data), 8, ""); 
// where 8 is the count of the list arguments
?>

down

-2

Alejandro-Ihuit ¶

2 years ago


If you want to directly take a specific value without having to store it in another variable, you can implement the following:

$status = 'Missing-1';
 
echo $status_only = explode('-', $status)[0];

// Missing

add a note