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    str_replace

    (PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

    str_replace — Substitui todas as ocorrências da string de pesquisa com a string de substituição

    Descrição

    str_replace(
        array|string $search,
        array|string $replace,
        string|array $subject,
        int &$count = null
    ): string|array

    Esta função retorna uma string ou um array com todas as ocorrências de search em subject substituídas com o valor informado em replace.

    Para substituir texto baseado em um padrão que não seja uma string fixa, use preg_replace().

    Parâmetros

    Se search e replace forem arrays, então str_replace() pega um valor de cada array e os usa para pesquisar e substituir em subject. Se replace tiver menos valores do que search, então uma string vazia é usada para o restante dos valores de substituição. Se search for um array e replace for uma string, então esta string de substituição é usada para cada valor de search. O contrário não faria sentido, contudo.

    Se search ou replace forem arrays, seus elementos são processados do primeiro ao último.

    search

    O valor sendo pesquisado, também conhecido como agulha. Um array pode ser usado para designar múltiplas agulhas.

    replace

    O valor de substituição que será usado no lugar dos valores de search encontrados. Um array pode ser usado para deignar múltiplas substituições.

    subject

    A string ou array sendo pesquisado ou substituído, também conhecido como o palheiro.

    Se subject for um array, então a pesquisa e a substituição são executadas com cada entrada de subject, e o valor de retorno é um array também.

    count

    Se passado, será definido para o número de substituições realizadas.

    Valor Retornado

    Esta função retorna uma string ou um array com os valores substituídos.

    Exemplos

    Exemplo #1 Exemplos básicos de str_replace()

    <?php
    // Produz: <body text='black'>
    $bodytag = str_replace("%body%", "black", "<body text='%body%'>");

    // Produz: Hll Wrld f PHP
    $vowels = array("a", "e", "i", "o", "u", "A", "E", "I", "O", "U");
    $onlyconsonants = str_replace($vowels, "", "Hello World of PHP");

    // Produz: Você deveria comer pizza, cerveja e sorvete todos os dias.
    $frase = "Você deveria comer frutas, vegetais, e fibra todos os dias.";
    $saudavel = array("frutas", "vegetais", "fibra");
    $saboroso = array("pizza", "cerveja", "sorvete");

    $novafrase = str_replace($saudavel, $saboroso, $frase);

    // Produz: 2
    $str = str_replace("ll", "", "good golly miss molly!", $count);
    echo     $count;
    ?>

    Exemplo #2 Exemplos de armadilhas potenciais de str_replace()

    <?php
    // Ordem da substituição
    $str = "Linha 1\nLinha 2\rLinha 3\r\nLinha 4\n";
    $order = array("\r\n", "\n", "\r");
    $replace = '<br />';

    // Processa \r\n primeiro para que não sejam substituídos duas vezes.
    $newstr = str_replace($order, $replace, $str);

    // Mostra F porque A é substituído por B, depois B é substituído por C, e assim por diante...
    // Finalmente E é substituído por F, porque a substituição é feita da esquerda para a direita.
    $search = array('A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E');
    $replace = array('B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F');
    $subject = 'A';
    echo     str_replace($search, $replace, $subject);

    // Mostra: apearpearle pear
    // Pelo memos motivo mencionado acima
    $letters = array('a', 'p');
    $fruit = array('apple', 'pear');
    $text = 'a p';
    $output = str_replace($letters, $fruit, $text);
    echo     $output;
    ?>

    Notas

    Nota: Esta função é compatível com dados binários.

    Cuidado

    Armadilha da ordem de substituição

    Como str_replace() substitui da esquerda para a direita, ela pode substituir um valor previamente inserido quando estiver fazendo múltiplas substituições. Veja também os exemplos neste documento.

    Nota:

    Esta função é sensível a maiúsculas/minúsculas. Use str_ireplace() para substituição insensível a maiúsculas/minúsculas.

    Veja Também

    • str_ireplace() - Case-insensitive version of str_replace
    • substr_replace() - Substitui o texto dentro de uma parte de uma string
    • preg_replace() - Realiza uma pesquisa por uma expressão regular e substitui
    • strtr() - Translate characters or replace substrings

    add a note add a note

    User Contributed Notes 34 notes

    up
    260
    nikolaz dot tang at hotmail dot com
    14 years ago
    A faster way to replace the strings in multidimensional array is to json_encode() it, do the str_replace() and then json_decode() it, like this:

    <?php
    function str_replace_json($search, $replace, $subject){
         return     json_decode(str_replace($search, $replace,  json_encode($subject)));

    }
    ?>

    This method is almost 3x faster (in 10000 runs.) than using recursive calling and looping method, and 10x simpler in coding.

    Compared to:

    <?php
    function str_replace_deep($search, $replace, $subject)
    {
        if (    is_array($subject))
        {
            foreach(    $subject as &$oneSubject)
                    $oneSubject = str_replace_deep($search, $replace, $oneSubject);
            unset(    $oneSubject);
            return     $subject;
        } else {
            return     str_replace($search, $replace, $subject);
        }
    }
    ?>
    up
    3
    ressing1 at gmail dot com
    3 years ago
    To remove all characters from string $b that exist in string $a:

    $a="ABC";
    $b="teAsBtC";
    echo str_replace(str_split($a),'',$b);

    Output: test

    To remove all characters from string $b that don't exist in string $a:

    $a="ABC";
    $b="teAsBtC";
    echo str_replace(str_split(str_replace(str_split($a),'',$b)),'',$b);

    Output: ABC
    up
    50
    Alberto Lepe
    15 years ago
    Be careful when replacing characters (or repeated patterns in the FROM and TO arrays):

    For example:

    <?php
    $arrFrom     = array("1","2","3","B");
    $arrTo = array("A","B","C","D");
    $word = "ZBB2";
    echo     str_replace($arrFrom, $arrTo, $word);
    ?>

    I would expect as result: "ZDDB"
    However, this return: "ZDDD"
    (Because B = D according to our array)

    To make this work, use "strtr" instead:

    <?php
    $arr     = array("1" => "A","2" => "B","3" => "C","B" => "D");
    $word = "ZBB2";
    echo     strtr($word,$arr);
    ?>

    This returns: "ZDDB"
    up
    59
    moostende at gmail dot com
    13 years ago
    Note that this does not replace strings that become part of replacement strings. This may be a problem when you want to remove multiple instances of the same repetative pattern, several times in a row.

    If you want to remove all dashes but one from the string '-aaa----b-c-----d--e---f' resulting in '-aaa-b-c-d-e-f', you cannot use str_replace. Instead, use preg_replace:

    <?php
    $challenge     = '-aaa----b-c-----d--e---f';
    echo     str_replace('--', '-', $challenge).'<br>';
    echo     preg_replace('/--+/', '-', $challenge).'<br>';
    ?>

    This outputs the following:
    -aaa--b-c---d-e--f
    -aaa-b-c-d-e-f
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    38
    Wes Foster
    15 years ago
    Feel free to optimize this using the while/for or anything else, but this is a bit of code that allows you to replace strings found in an associative array.

    For example:
    <?php
    $replace     = array(
    'dog' => 'cat',
    'apple' => 'orange'
    'chevy'     => 'ford'
    );

    $string = 'I like to eat an apple with my dog in my chevy';

    echo     str_replace_assoc($replace,$string);

    // Echo: I like to eat an orange with my cat in my ford
    ?>

    Here is the function:

    <?php
    function strReplaceAssoc(array $replace, $subject) {
       return     str_replace(array_keys($replace), array_values($replace), $subject);   
    }
    ?>

    [Jun 1st, 2010 - EDIT BY thiago AT php DOT net: Function has been replaced with an updated version sent by ljelinek AT gmail DOT com]
    up
    10
    michael dot moussa at gmail dot com
    15 years ago
    As previous commentators mentioned, when $search contains values that occur earlier in $replace, str_replace will factor those previous replacements into the process rather than operating solely on the original string.  This may produce unexpected output.

    Example:

    <?php
    $search     = array('A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E');
    $replace = array('B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F');
    $subject = 'ABCDE';

    echo     str_replace($search, $replace, $subject); // output: 'FFFFFF'
    ?>

    In the above code, the $search and $replace should replace each occurrence in the $subject with the next letter in the alphabet.  The expected output for this sample is 'BCDEF'; however, the actual output is 'FFFFF'.

    To more clearly illustrate this, consider the following example:

    <?php
    $search     = array('A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E');
    $replace = array('B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F');
    $subject = 'A';

    echo     str_replace($search, $replace, $subject); // output: 'F'
    ?>

    Since 'A' is the only letter in the $search array that appears in $subject, one would expect the result to be 'B'; however, replacement number $n does *not* operate on $subject, it operates on $subject after the previous $n-1 replacements have been completed.

    The following function utilizes array_combine and strtr to produce the expected output, and I believe it is the most efficient way to perform the desired string replacement without prior replacements affecting the final result.

    <?php
    /**
    * When using str_replace(...), values that did not exist in the original string (but were put there by previous
    * replacements) will be replaced continuously.  This string replacement function is designed replace the values
    * in $search with those in $replace while not factoring in prior replacements.  Note that this function will
    * always look for the longest possible match first and then work its way down to individual characters.
    *
    * The "o" in "stro_replace" represents "original", indicating that the function operates only on the original string.
    *
    * @param array $search list of strings or characters that need to be replaced
    * @param array $replace list of strings or characters that will replace the corresponding values in $search
    * @param string $subject the string on which this operation is being performed
    *
    * @return string $subject with all substrings in the $search array replaced by the values in the $replace array
    */
    function stro_replace($search, $replace, $subject)
    {
        return     strtr( $subject, array_combine($search, $replace) );
    }

    $search = array('A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E');
    $replace = array('B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F');
    $subject = 'ABCDE';

    echo     stro_replace($search, $replace, $subject); // output: 'BCDEF'
    ?>

    Some other examples:

    <?php
    $search     = array(' ', '&');
    $replace = array('&nbsp;', '&amp;');
    $subject = 'Hello & goodbye!';

    // We want to replace the spaces with &nbsp; and the ampersand with &amp;
    echo str_replace($search, $replace, $subject); // output: "Hello&amp;nbsp&amp;&amp;nbspgoodbye!" - wrong!

    echo stro_replace($search, $replace, $subject); // output: "Hello&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;goodbye!" - correct!

    /*
        Note:  Run the above code in the CLI or view source on your web browser - the replacement strings for stro_replace are HTML entities which the browser interprets.
    */
    ?>

    <?php
    $search     = array('ERICA', 'AMERICA');
    $replace = array('JON', 'PHP');
    $subject = 'MIKE AND ERICA LIKE AMERICA';

    // We want to replace the name "ERICA" with "JON" and the word "AMERICA" with "PHP"
    echo str_replace($search, $replace, $subject); // output: "MIKE AND JON LIKE AMJON", which is not correct

    echo stro_replace($search, $replace, $subject); // output: "MIKE AND JON LIKE PHP", which is correct
    ?>
    up
    9
    matt wheaton
    18 years ago
    As an effort to remove those Word copy and paste smart quotes, I've found that this works with UTF8 encoded strings (where $text in the following example is UTF8). Also the elipsis and em and en dashes are replaced.

    There is an "invisible" character after the †for the right side double smart quote that doesn't seem to display here. It is chr(157).

    <?php
      $find    [] = '“';  // left side double smart quote
          $find[] = '”';  // right side double smart quote
          $find[] = '‘';  // left side single smart quote
          $find[] = '’';  // right side single smart quote
          $find[] = '…';  // elipsis
          $find[] = '—';  // em dash
          $find[] = '–';  // en dash

          $replace[] = '"';
          $replace[] = '"';
          $replace[] = "'";
          $replace[] = "'";
          $replace[] = "...";
          $replace[] = "-";
          $replace[] = "-";

          $text = str_replace($find, $replace, $text);
    ?>
    up
    13
    David Holt
    8 years ago
    Be aware that if you use this for filtering & sanitizing some form of user input, or remove ALL instances of a string, there's another gotcha to watch out for:

    // Remove all double characters
    $string="1001011010";
    $string=str_replace(array("11","00"),"",$string);
    // Output: "110010"

    $string="<ht<html>ml> Malicious code </<html>html> etc";
    $string=str_replace(array("<html>","</html>"),"",$string);
    // Output: "<html> Malicious code </html> etc"
    up
    13
    jay_knows_(all)uk at hotmail dot com
    13 years ago
    This strips out horrible MS word characters.

    Just keep fine tuning it until you get what you need, you'll see ive commented some out which caused problems for me.

    There could be some that need adding in, but its a start to anyone who wishes to make their own custom function.

    <?php

    function msword_conversion($str)
    {
    $str = str_replace(chr(130), ',', $str);    // baseline single quote
    $str = str_replace(chr(131), 'NLG', $str);  // florin
    $str = str_replace(chr(132), '"', $str);    // baseline double quote
    $str = str_replace(chr(133), '...', $str);  // ellipsis
    $str = str_replace(chr(134), '**', $str);   // dagger (a second footnote)
    $str = str_replace(chr(135), '***', $str);  // double dagger (a third footnote)
    $str = str_replace(chr(136), '^', $str);    // circumflex accent
    $str = str_replace(chr(137), 'o/oo', $str); // permile
    $str = str_replace(chr(138), 'Sh', $str);   // S Hacek
    $str = str_replace(chr(139), '<', $str);    // left single guillemet
    // $str = str_replace(chr(140), 'OE', $str);   // OE ligature
    $str = str_replace(chr(145), "'", $str);    // left single quote
    $str = str_replace(chr(146), "'", $str);    // right single quote
    // $str = str_replace(chr(147), '"', $str);    // left double quote
    // $str = str_replace(chr(148), '"', $str);    // right double quote
    $str = str_replace(chr(149), '-', $str);    // bullet
    $str = str_replace(chr(150), '-–', $str);    // endash
    $str = str_replace(chr(151), '--', $str);   // emdash
    // $str = str_replace(chr(152), '~', $str);    // tilde accent
    // $str = str_replace(chr(153), '(TM)', $str); // trademark ligature
    $str = str_replace(chr(154), 'sh', $str);   // s Hacek
    $str = str_replace(chr(155), '>', $str);    // right single guillemet
    // $str = str_replace(chr(156), 'oe', $str);   // oe ligature
    $str = str_replace(chr(159), 'Y', $str);    // Y Dieresis
    $str = str_replace('°C', '&deg;C', $str);    // Celcius is used quite a lot so it makes sense to add this in
    $str = str_replace('£', '&pound;', $str);
    $str = str_replace("'", "'", $str);
    $str = str_replace('"', '"', $str);
    $str = str_replace('–', '&ndash;', $str);

    return     $str;
    }

    ?>
    up
    9
    mrrehbein at gmail dot com
    9 years ago
    nikolaz dot tang at hotmail dot com's solution of using json_encode/decode is interesting, but a couple of issues to be aware of with it.

    <?php
    // From: nikolaz dot tang at hotmail dot com's post
    function str_replace_json($search, $replace, $subject){
         return     json_decode(str_replace($search, $replace,  json_encode($subject)));
    }
    ?>

    json_decode will return objects, where arrays are probably expected.  This is easily remedied by adding 2nd parameter 'true' to json_decode.

    $search and $replace could contain strings that match json encoding, which will either change the structure returned by this method, or break the json.

    ie:
    <?php
    var_dump    (str_replace_json('":"', '","', ['this' => 'stuff']));
    var_dump(str_replace_json('this":"', 'this" : "thing", "with":"', ['this' => 'stuff']));
    ?>
    up
    4
    karst at onlinq dot nl
    10 years ago
    "If search is an array and replace is a string, then this replacement string is used for every value of search. The converse would not make sense, though. "

    I think one important (and not at all vaguely theoretical) use-case is completely ignored here. Take, for example, the way the PDO handles parameter replacement.

    If we have the following query:
    "SELECT * FROM my_table WHERE (id = ? AND my_column = ? AND other_column = ?);"
    The "?"s should be replaced by each successive variable in a $parameters array. That is EXACTLY the use case for "search" being a value and "replace" being an array.

    Considering that this is not only a real-world example but also part of a core PHP functionality I find it very strange that it's dismissed so easily here.
    up
    6
    ravenswd at gmail dot com
    6 years ago
    This is what happens when the search and replace arrays are different sizes:

    <?php
    $search      = array('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e');
    $replace = array('A', 'B', 'C');
    $subject = 'abcdefg';
    echo     str_replace($search, $replace, $subject);
    // result: 'ABCfg'

    $search  = array('a', 'b', 'c');
    $replace = array('A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E');
    $subject = 'abcdefg';
    echo     str_replace($search, $replace, $subject);
    // result: 'ABCdefg'
    ?>

    No warning or error is generated in either of these cases.
    up
    10
    jbarnett at jmbelite dot com
    14 years ago
    Might be worth mentioning that a SIMPLE way to accomplish Example 2 (potential gotchas) is to simply start your "replacements" in reverse.

    So instead of starting from "A" and ending with "E":

    <?php
    $search      = array('A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E');
    $replace = array('B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F');
    // replaces A to B, B to C, C to D, D to E, E to F (makes them all F)
    // start from "E" and end with "A":

    $search  = array('E', 'D', 'C', 'B', 'A');
    $replace = array('F', 'E', 'D', 'C', 'B');
    // replaces E to F, D to E, C to D, B to C, A to B (prevents from
    // multiple replacements of already replaced values)
    ?>

    So basically start from the "end" and put the replacements in an order where the "replaced value" won't equal a value that exists later in the "search array".
    up
    2
    viundan at gmail dot com
    8 years ago
    Decision to avoid problem "it might replace a previously inserted value when doing multiple replacements. See also the examples in this document."

    $urls - array of urls i want to replace with tag <a> and urls could be similar
    http://abc.com/parameter/
    http://abc.com/

    // at first sort by length to have longest firstly
    usort($urls,'sortByLen');

    $replaces=[];

    // replace all urls with unique
    foreach($urls as $url){
        $replace = '__REPLACE' . uniqid() . '__';    
        $text = str_replace($url,$replace, $text);
        $replaces[$replace] = '<a href="' . $url . '">' . $url . '</a>';
    }

    foreach($replaces as $key => $replace){
        $text = str_replace($key,$replace, $text);
    }

    --------------

    function sortByLen($a,$b){
        return strlen($b)-strlen($a);
    }

    Hope it will help others like me
    up
    6
    pjcdawkins at googlemail dot com
    14 years ago
    Here's a deep replace function allowing multi-dimensional arrays in $search, $replace and $subject. The keys and other structure of $subject are preserved.

    <?php
    // Auxiliary function:
    function _replaceWithAnything($search,$replace,$subject){
      if(!    is_array($search) || !is_array($replace)){
            $search=array($search);
            $replace=array($replace);
      }
          $match=array_search($subject,$search,true);
      if(    $match!==false && array_key_exists($match,$replace))
            $subject=$replace[$match];
      return     $subject;
    }

    // Main function:
    function deepReplace($search,$replace,$subject){
      if(!    is_array($subject))
        return     _replaceWithAnything($search,$replace,$subject);
      foreach(    $subject as &$val){
        if(    is_array($val)){
              $val=deepReplace($search,$replace,$val);
          continue;
        }
            $val=_replaceWithAnything($search,$replace,$val);
      }
      return     $subject;
    }
    ?>
    up
    3
    apmuthu at usa dot net
    14 years ago
    If we have a html template that contains placeholders in curly braces that need to be replaced in runtime, the following function will do it using str_replace:

    <?php

    function parse_template($filename, $data) {
    // example template variables {a} and {bc}
    // example $data array
    // $data = Array("a" => 'one', "bc" => 'two');
            $q = file_get_contents($filename);
        foreach (    $data as $key => $value) {
                $q = str_replace('{'.$key.'}', $value, $q);
        }
        return     $q;
    }

    ?>
    up
    1
    Oyedele Hammed Horlah - itz dot harmid at gmail dot com
    7 years ago
    this is a simple function to replace all newlines to <br> tags.

    \r\n - windows line break
    \n - linux line break
    \r - mac line break

    <?php
    function nl_to_br($str) {
    return     str_replace(array("\r\n","\n","\r"), "<br/>", $str);
    }
    echo     nl_to_br('Hello world\n I am Oyedele Hammed Horlah'); // => Hello World <br> I am Oyedele Hammed Horlah
    ?>

    Enjoy
    up
    1
    Mohsin Ali (puregenius02 at gmail dot com)
    8 years ago
    $myString = “It was the best of mine it was the worst of mine,”;
    // Displays “It was the best of bananas, it was the worst of bananas,”
    echo str_replace( “mine”, “bananas”, $myString );
    If you want to know how many times the search string was replaced, pass in a variable as an optional
    fourth argument. After the function runs, this variable holds the number of replacements:
    $myString = “It was the best of mine, it was the worst of mine,”;
    // Displays “It was the best of bananas, it was the worst of bananas,”
    echo str_replace( “mine”, “bananas”, $myString, $num ) . “ < br/ > ”;
    // Displays “The text was replaced 2 times.”
    echo “The text was replaced $num times. < br/ > ”;
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    3
    Ing. Mirko Plazotta
    10 years ago
    <?php
    // a very beatiful way to do multiple replacements is this one, using just one array
    $replaceThis = Array(
    'old word' => 'new word',
    'was' => 'it',
    'past' => 'future',
    );

    $originalText = "every old word was a thing of the past...";
    $replacedText = str_replace(array_keys($replaceThis), $replaceThis, $originalText);
    echo     $replacedText;
    ?>
    up
    3
    Denzel Morris
    12 years ago
    Maybe obvious to veteran PHP programmers but less so to novice PHP programmers is the fact that this is invalid:
    <?php
    str_replace    ($search, $replace, $subject, 1);
    ?>
    At a glance it appears to be a reasonable request, until you realize that the fourth parameter must be a variable in order to be passed as a reference. A replacement:
    <?php
    str_replace    ($search, $replace, $subject, $temp = 1);
    // or
    $temp = 1;
    str_replace($search, $replace, $subject, $temp);
    ?>
    up
    3
    kriscraig at php dot net
    12 years ago
    <?php

    /**
    * Convert foreign 8859-1 characters into HTML entities.
    *
    * @param string $str
    *   The string being parsed.
    *
    * @return string
    *   The converted string.
    */
    public static function convert_chars_to_entities( $str )
    {
            $str = str_replace( 'À', '&#192;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'Á', '&#193;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'Â', '&#194;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'Ã', '&#195;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'Ä', '&#196;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'Å', '&#197;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'Æ', '&#198;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'Ç', '&#199;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'È', '&#200;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'É', '&#201;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'Ê', '&#202;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'Ë', '&#203;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'Ì', '&#204;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'Í', '&#205;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'Î', '&#206;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'Ï', '&#207;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'Ð', '&#208;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'Ñ', '&#209;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'Ò', '&#210;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'Ó', '&#211;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'Ô', '&#212;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'Õ', '&#213;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'Ö', '&#214;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( '×', '&#215;', $str );  // Yeah, I know.  But otherwise the gap is confusing.  --Kris
            $str = str_replace( 'Ø', '&#216;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'Ù', '&#217;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'Ú', '&#218;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'Û', '&#219;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'Ü', '&#220;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'Ý', '&#221;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'Þ', '&#222;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'ß', '&#223;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'à', '&#224;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'á', '&#225;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'â', '&#226;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'ã', '&#227;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'ä', '&#228;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'å', '&#229;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'æ', '&#230;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'ç', '&#231;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'è', '&#232;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'é', '&#233;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'ê', '&#234;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'ë', '&#235;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'ì', '&#236;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'í', '&#237;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'î', '&#238;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'ï', '&#239;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'ð', '&#240;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'ñ', '&#241;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'ò', '&#242;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'ó', '&#243;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'ô', '&#244;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'õ', '&#245;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'ö', '&#246;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( '÷', '&#247;', $str );  // Yeah, I know.  But otherwise the gap is confusing.  --Kris
            $str = str_replace( 'ø', '&#248;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'ù', '&#249;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'ú', '&#250;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'û', '&#251;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'ü', '&#252;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'ý', '&#253;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'þ', '&#254;', $str );
            $str = str_replace( 'ÿ', '&#255;', $str );
       
        return     $str;
    }
    ?>
    up
    2
    mbullard at accuvista dot co dot uk
    13 years ago
    Insert space after comma.

    If you have a form that stores results in a database field as comma separated values, when you display this data you can use the following to insert a space after each comma:

    <?php
    $find    [] = ',';
    $replace[] = '&#44;&nbsp;';
    $text = str_replace($find, $replace, $row_rsRecordset['Field']);
    print_r($text);
    ?>

    Notes:
    1) To get round the Replacement Order Gotcha, the comma is also replaced with its code equivalent: &#44;
    2) You can adapt the $replace section to suit your needs: swap out the &nbsp; code with <br/> or replace comma and space with &nbsp;&middot;&nbsp; etc.
    up
    0
    markem at sim1 dot us
    10 years ago
    I was working with MySQL and displaying the title to things on the web page.  I'd written a script to ensure single and double quotes were removed from the title.  I used

        $title = str_replace( "'", "", $title );

    and

         $title = str_replace( '"', "", $title );

    But still the single and double quotes continued.  So I wrote a bit of code to print out each character separated by a dash.  Like so:

         for( $i=0; $i<strlen($title); $i++ ){
             echo "$i-";
             }

         echo "<br>\n";

    This displayed:

         m-y-c-o-m-p-a-n-y- b-b-&-#-3-9-;-s

    Which made me go "Oh!  I get it."

    The MySQL function real_escape_string modifies the single quotes to be &#39; and double quotes as &#34;  These still show up as single and double quotes under HTML and most importantly -

         JAVASCRIPT sees the &#34; and &#39; as actual single or double
         quotes.  So if you are passing arguments to a function you have
         to get rid of them or else you will get an error on trying to call
         a given function.  Example:

         <a href="javascript:func1('mycompany bbs&#39;s")'">

         becomes

         <a href="javascript:func1('mycompany bbs's');">

    Which then will give you an error because there is a single quote inside of the single quoted string.  HOWEVER, the

         $title = str_replace( "'", "", $title );

    WILL NOT FIND a single quote.  Instead, you have to do this:

         $title = str_replace( "&#39;", "'", $title );
    and
         $title = str_relace( "&#34;", '"', $title );

    (Or you could just get rid of them.)

    So remember!  If you are trying to remove single and double quotes and are using MySQL and MySQL's real_escape_string() function that you might be having single and double quotes hanging around which are defined as &#39; and &#34; but which show up as single and double quotes as well as causing problems in your Javascripts.
    up
    -1
    jefrey at forteras dot tech
    6 years ago
    NEVER USE this function to protect against SQL Injection.

    It may sound ridiculous but I've seen a couple of developers doing so.

    It's interesting that these developers use str_replace (let's ignore the fact that they don't even use the str_ireplace which is case-insensitive) to remove common SQL commands such as "SELECT" or "DROP" from user-entered inputs.

    A funny thing to note is that:

    <?php
    $input     = "SELSELECTECT";
    echo     str_replace("SELECT", null, $input); // = SELECT
    ?>

    Yeah you could loop it, but str_replace was never meant to be used this way. There are proper ways to protect against SQL Injections, such as using prepared statements (placeholders).
    up
    -1
    cc at cc dot com
    12 years ago
    I found a pretty low tech solution to avoid the "gotcha" without worrying about the array order of how things are replaced. I could not "order" the replacement array easily because it was being read from a database table.

    Anyway if you add an identifiable token to each replaced word, then just filter this out at the very end, no nested search terms are found. I just dynamically add the %% after the first char of each word before pumping it into the str_ireplace function.

    $find = array("as1", "as2", "as3", "flex");
    $replace = array("<a href = \"#as1\">A%%uto S%%entry R%%ev. A%%</a>", "<a href = \"#as2\">A%%uto S%%entry E%%xp</a>", "<a href = \"#as3\">A%%uto S%%entry f%%lex</a>", "<a style = \"color: red;\" href = \"#flex\">f%%lex</a>");
    $text = str_ireplace($find, $replace, $text);
    echo str_ireplace("%%", "", $text);

    In this case I am using %% as my token as this is an unlikely char combo for me.
    up
    -1
    hyperzlib at outlook dot com
    4 years ago
    Use str_replace to remove all dashes but one from the string '-aaa----b-c-----d--e---f' (resulting is: '-aaa-b-c-d-e-f')

    <?php
    $challenge     = '-aaa----b-c-----d--e---f';
    do     $challenge = str_replace('--', '-', $challenge, $count); while($count);
    echo     $challenge;
    ?>
    up
    -2
    christof dot rieger at r-tron dot de
    12 years ago
    In many countries the numeric format is 1.000,33 in english it is 1,000.33

    This function converts numeric arguments always into the PHP confirm numeric format. If only one seperator is into the numericstring so it is interpreted as the decimalpoint.

    function dp($zahl)
    {
      if ((strpos($zahl,".") > "-1") | (strpos($zahl,",") > "-1")) {
        if ((strpos($zahl,".") > "-1") & (strpos($zahl,",") > "-1")) {
          if (strpos($zahl,".") > strpos($zahl,",")){
              return str_replace(",","",$zahl);
        } else {
              return str_replace(",",".",str_replace(".","",$zahl));
          }
      } else {
          if (strpos($zahl,".") > "-1") {
            if (strpos($zahl,".") == strrpos($zahl,".")) {
                return $zahl;
          } else {
              return str_replace(".","",$zahl);         
            }
        } else {
            if (strpos($zahl,",") == strrpos($zahl,",")) {
              return str_replace(",",".",$zahl);
          } else {
              return str_replace(",","",$zahl);         
            }
        } }
    } else {
        return $zahl;
    } }
    up
    -2
    borasahin at gmail dot com
    9 years ago
    jSON Turkish Characters Problem - (PHP < 5.4 for example)

    <?php
    function json_decode_tr($json){
               $json_char = array("u00e7","u0131","u00fc","u011f","u00f6","u015f","u0130","u011e","u00dc","u00d6","u015e","u00c7");
               $turkish = array("ç","ı","ü","ğ","ö","ş","İ","Ğ","Ü","Ö","Ş","Ç");
               $result = str_replace($json_char, $turkish, $json);
           return     json_decode($json);
        }
    ?>
    up
    -2
    flame2000 at mail dot ru
    8 years ago
    Replace chars in multi-byte string.
    In example, replacing 'f'=>'b', 'o'=>'e', 't'=>'r' and etc.

    <?php
    function mb_chars_replace($from, $to, $subj, $delSymb='_') {
             $nsubj='';
             preg_match_all('/(.)/u', $subj, $subj);$subj=$subj[1];
         if (!    is_array($from)) {preg_match_all('/(.)/u', $from, $from);$from=$from[1];}
         if (!    is_array($to)) {preg_match_all('/(.)/u', $to, $to);$to=$to[1];}
         if (    count($from)!==count($to)) return false;

         foreach(    $subj as $s) {
           foreach(    $from as $k=>$f) {
             if(    $s===$f) {
                            $s=$to[$k];
                        break;
             }
           }
           if(    $s!==$delSymb) $nsubj.=$s;
         }
        return     $nsubj;
    }

    //examples:

    $from="fotber, ";
    $to="berfot+_";

    // or

    $from=array("f","o","t","b","e","r",","," ");
    $to=array("b","e","r","f","o","t","+","_");

    //out:
    echo mb_chars_replace($from,$to,"foot, beer"); //beer+foot
    ?>
    up
    -2
    ASchmidt at Anamera dot net
    6 years ago
    Escaping strings with control characters, quotes and backslashes for subsequent use in MySQL commands.

    MySQL has documented a number of backslash escape sequences that need to be used to pass certain values in SQL commands: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/string-literals.html

    It's crucial to escape existing backslashes first to prevent double-escaping, before escaping the various control sequences:

    <?php
    $result     = str_replace(
                    array(     '\\',    "\0",   "'",    "\x8" /* BS */, "\n",   "\r",   "\t",   "\x1A" /* Ctrl+Z */ ),
                    array(     '\\\\',  '\\0',  '\\\'', '\\b',          '\\n',  '\\r',  '\\t',  '\\Z' ),
                        $value );
    ?>

    This code is NOT intended to protect against SQL insertions, it's intended to PRESERVE string content correctly, if it contains control characters.
    up
    -4
    Anonymous
    11 years ago
    @moostende at gmail dot com
    If you want to remove all dashes but one from the string '-aaa----b-c-----d--e---f' resulting in '-aaa-b-c-d-e-f', you CAN use str_replace !

    <?php
    function foo($str)
    {
        do {
                $str = str_replace("--", "-", $str, $count);
        } while (    $count > 0);
        return     $str;
    }
    echo     foo("-aaa----b-c-----d--e---f");
    ?>

    This outputs the following:
    -aaa-b-c-d-e-f
    up
    -3
    christian dot reinecke at web dot de
    14 years ago
    If you need to replace a string in another, but only once but still in all possible combinations (f.e. to replace "a" with "x" in "aba" to get array("xba", "abx")) you can use this function:
    <?php
    function getSingleReplaceCombinations($replace, $with, $inHaystack)
    {
            $splits = explode($replace, $inHaystack);
            $result = array();
        for (    $i = 1, $ix = count($splits); $i < $ix; ++$i) {
                $previous = array_slice($splits, 0, $i);
                $next     = array_slice($splits, $i);
           
                $combine  = array_pop($previous) . $with . array_shift($next);
                $result[] = implode($replace, array_merge($previous, array($combine), $next));
        }
        return     $result;
    }
    var_dump(getSingleReplaceCombinations("a", "x", "aba")); // result as mentioned above
    ?>
    It may not be the best in performance, but it works.
    up
    -4
    vuabid at hotmail dot com
    7 years ago
    Consider this while using str_replace function when $search and $replace are arrays.

    $search = array( 'login_reactivate', 'login_reactivate_date' );
    $replace = array( 'login reactivate status', 'login reactivate date' );
    $subject = "fname, email, login_reactivate, login_reactivate_date";

    $returnValue = str_replace( $search, $replace, $subject );

    $returnValue will be:
    fname, email, login reactivate status, login reactivate status_date

    You can see we are expecting "login_reactivate_date" to be replaced with "login reactivate date" but it will replace to "login reactivate status_date"
    up
    -8
    iskus1981 at gmail dot com
    4 years ago
    bracesChecker($str) {
        while($str) {
            $str = str_replace(['()','[]','{}'], '', $str, $count);
            if (!$str) return true;
            if (!$count && $str) return false;
        }
    }
    $str = '[}]{(){][}()';
    echo bracesChecker($str);
    //false
    $str = '([]{})[{}[]{[]}([{[]}])';
    echo bracesChecker ($str);
    //true
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